Mi Youjun, Xu Kun, Wang Wenting, Kong Weize, Xu Xiaonan, Rong Xifeng, Tan Jiying
Department of Pathophysiology, School of BasicMedical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Aug 19;12(8):927. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12080927.
Although many people have been vaccinated against COVID-19, infections with SARS-CoV-2 seem hard to avoid. There is a need to develop more effective vaccines and immunization strategies against emerging variants of infectious diseases. To understand whether different immunization strategies using variants sequence-based virus-like particles (VLPs) vaccines could offer superior immunity against future SARS-CoV-2 variants, our team constructed VLPs for the original Wuhan-Hu-1 strain (prototype), Delta (δ) variant, and Omicron (ο) variant of SARS-CoV-2, using baculovirus-insect expression system. Then we used these VLPs to assess the immune responses induced by homologous prime-boost, heterologous prime-boost, and sequential immunizations strategies in a mouse model. Our results showed that the pro+δ+ο sequential strategies elicited better neutralizing antibody responses. These sequential strategies also take advantage of inducing CD4 T and CD8 T lymphocytes proliferation and tendency to cytokine of Th1. Currently, our data suggest that sequential immunization with VLPs of encoding spike protein derived from SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern may be a potential vaccine strategy against emerging diseases, such as "Disease X".
尽管许多人已经接种了新冠病毒疫苗，但感染新冠病毒似乎难以避免。有必要针对传染病的新出现变种开发更有效的疫苗和免疫策略。为了了解使用基于变种序列的病毒样颗粒（VLP）疫苗的不同免疫策略是否能对未来的新冠病毒变种提供更好的免疫力，我们的团队利用杆状病毒-昆虫表达系统构建了针对新冠病毒原始武汉-胡-1株（原型）、德尔塔（δ）变种和奥密克戎（ο）变种的VLP。然后，我们使用这些VLP在小鼠模型中评估同源初免-加强、异源初免-加强和序贯免疫策略诱导的免疫反应。我们的结果表明，pro+δ+ο序贯策略引发了更好的中和抗体反应。这些序贯策略还利用诱导CD4 T和CD8 T淋巴细胞增殖以及Th1细胞因子倾向。目前，我们的数据表明，用源自新冠病毒关注变种的刺突蛋白编码VLP进行序贯免疫可能是针对“X疾病”等新出现疾病的潜在疫苗策略。
