Cui Wei, Xiao Zhongmin, Feng Ziming, Yang Jie, Zhang Qiang
School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Aug 10;24(16):5158. doi: 10.3390/s24165158.
For the sake of realizing the safety detection of natural gas and petroleum pipeline welds, this paper designs a ferromagnetic pipeline weld magnetic flux leakage detector based on the calculation of the magnetic circuit of the detection probe, with the magnetization direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. The traditional pipeline magnetic flux leakage detection device uses a detection system mode in which the magnetization direction is parallel to the direction of travel. However, due to the structural characteristics of the weld, the traditional detection system mode is not applicable. Since the weld magnetic flux leakage detector needs to travel along the direction of the weld, the detector designed in this paper rotates the magnetizer 90 degrees along the direction of the weld seam so that the magnetization direction is perpendicular to the direction of travel, breaking through the technical barrier that make traditional magnetic flux leakage detection devices unsuitable for weld detection. The detection device includes a magnetizing structure, a data sampling device, and a driving and traveling device. The magnetic flux leakage signal collected by the detector is converted into a digital image in the form of a grayscale matrix. Using mathematical morphology and chain code algorithms in image processing technology, a pipeline weld defect inversion software system is developed, and a preliminary quantitative analysis of pipeline weld defects is achieved. The application of this technology enables the inspection and protection of oil and gas pipeline welds throughout their life cycle, broadens the scope of existing inspection objects, and is of great safety significance for ensuring national public security.
为实现天然气和石油管道焊缝的安全检测，本文基于检测探头磁路计算，设计了一种磁化方向垂直于行进方向的铁磁管道焊缝漏磁检测装置。传统的管道漏磁检测装置采用磁化方向与行进方向平行的检测系统模式。然而，由于焊缝的结构特点，传统检测系统模式并不适用。由于焊缝漏磁检测装置需要沿焊缝方向行进，本文设计的检测装置使磁化器沿焊缝方向旋转90度，使磁化方向垂直于行进方向，突破了传统漏磁检测装置不适用于焊缝检测的技术障碍。该检测装置包括磁化结构、数据采样装置以及驱动行进装置。探测器采集到的漏磁信号被转换为灰度矩阵形式的数字图像。利用图像处理技术中的数学形态学和链码算法，开发了管道焊缝缺陷反演软件系统，并实现了对管道焊缝缺陷的初步定量分析。该技术的应用能够对油气管道焊缝进行全生命周期的检测与防护，拓宽了现有检测对象的范围，对于保障国家公共安全具有重大意义。
