文献综述：油气管道环焊缝缺陷在线检测技术的理论与应用

Feng Qingshan, Li Rui, Nie Baohua, Liu Shucong, Zhao Lianyu, Zhang Hong

School of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.

PetroChina Pipeline Company, Langfang 065000, China.

Sensors (Basel). 2016 Dec 28;17(1):50. doi: 10.3390/s17010050.

Girth weld cracking is one of the main failure modes in oil and gas pipelines; girth weld cracking inspection has great economic and social significance for the intrinsic safety of pipelines. This paper introduces the typical girth weld defects of oil and gas pipelines and the common nondestructive testing methods, and systematically generalizes the progress in the studies on technical principles, signal analysis, defect sizing method and inspection reliability, etc., of magnetic flux leakage (MFL) inspection, liquid ultrasonic inspection, electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) inspection and remote field eddy current (RFDC) inspection for oil and gas pipeline girth weld defects. Additionally, it introduces the new technologies for composite ultrasonic, laser ultrasonic, and magnetostriction inspection, and provides reference for development and application of oil and gas pipeline girth weld defect in-line inspection technology.

环焊缝开裂是油气管道的主要失效模式之一；环焊缝开裂检测对于管道的本质安全具有重大的经济和社会意义。本文介绍了油气管道典型的环焊缝缺陷及常用的无损检测方法，系统总结了磁通量泄漏（MFL）检测、液体超声检测、电磁超声换能器（EMAT）检测和远场涡流（RFDC）检测在油气管道环焊缝缺陷检测的技术原理、信号分析、缺陷尺寸测量方法及检测可靠性等方面的研究进展。此外，还介绍了复合超声、激光超声和磁致伸缩检测等新技术，为油气管道环焊缝缺陷在线检测技术的发展与应用提供参考。