Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.
School of Health Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Aug 10;24(16):5159. doi: 10.3390/s24165159.
Walking is crucial for independence and quality of life. This study leverages wrist-worn sensor data from UK Biobank participants to establish normative daily-life walking data, stratified by age and sex, to provide benchmarks for research and clinical practice. The Watch Walk digital biomarkers were developed, validated, and applied to 92,022 participants aged 45-79 who wore a wrist sensor for at least three days. Normative data were collected for daily-life walking speed, step-time variability, step count, and 17 other gait and sleep biomarkers. Test-retest reliability was calculated, and associations with sex, age, self-reported walking pace, and mobility problems were examined. Population mean maximal and usual walking speeds were 1.49 and 1.15 m/s, respectively. The daily step count was 7749 steps, and step regularity was 65%. Women walked more regularly but slower than men. Walking speed, step count, longest walk duration, and step regularity decreased with age. Walking speed is associated with sex, age, self-reported pace, and mobility problems. Test-retest reliability was good to excellent (ICC ≥ 0.80). This study provides large-scale normative data and benchmarks for wrist-sensor-derived digital gait and sleep biomarkers from real-world data for future research and clinical applications.
步行对于独立性和生活质量至关重要。本研究利用英国生物库参与者的腕戴式传感器数据，建立了按年龄和性别分层的日常步行数据规范，为研究和临床实践提供了基准。Watch Walk 数字生物标志物已经开发、验证，并应用于 92022 名年龄在 45-79 岁、佩戴腕部传感器至少三天的参与者。收集了日常步行速度、步时变异性、步数和 17 种其他步态和睡眠生物标志物的规范数据。计算了测试-重测信度，并研究了其与性别、年龄、自我报告的步行速度和活动能力问题的相关性。人群平均最大和常用步行速度分别为 1.49 米/秒和 1.15 米/秒。每日步数为 7749 步，步频规律性为 65%。女性比男性步行更规律，但速度较慢。步行速度、步数、最长步行时间和步频规律性随年龄增长而下降。步行速度与性别、年龄、自我报告的速度和活动能力问题相关。测试-重测信度良好至优秀（ICC≥0.80）。本研究为未来的研究和临床应用提供了来自真实世界数据的腕戴式传感器衍生数字步态和睡眠生物标志物的大规模规范数据和基准。
