Southeastern University College of Nursing, Lakeland, FL, USA.
Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
West J Nurs Res. 2024 Oct;46(10):782-789. doi: 10.1177/01939459241273440. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
Black pregnant women who experience racial discrimination are at an increased risk of psychological distress. Studies have not adequately addressed if social support may moderate the association between experiences of racial discrimination and psychological distress among Black pregnant women.
We sought to examine the moderating effect of social support on the association between experiences of racial discrimination and psychological distress among Black pregnant women.
We report findings based on cross-sectional data collected from 599 Black pregnant women enrolled in a prospective cohort study prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Women completed questionnaires about experiences of racial discrimination (Experiences of Discrimination), social support (MOS Social Support Survey), and psychological distress (Psychological General Wellbeing Index).
Women had an average age of 26 ± 5 years and gestational age at data collection of 17 ± 6 weeks. Approximately 53% of women reported ever experiencing racial discrimination in at least one situation, and 54% reported psychological distress. After adjustment for covariates, racial discrimination was associated with a 2.2-fold increase in psychological distress (odds ratio [OR] = 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.35-3.70; = .002). Low social support (scores below the median) was associated with a 3.8-fold higher likelihood of psychological distress (OR = 3.84, 95% CI 2.27-6.48, < .001). Social support did not moderate the association of lifetime experiences of racial discrimination with psychological distress.
Findings of the study contribute to evidence that lifetime experiences of racial discrimination and low levels of social support relate to psychological distress among Black pregnant women.
经历种族歧视的黑人孕妇心理困扰的风险增加。研究尚未充分探讨社会支持是否可以调节黑人孕妇经历种族歧视与心理困扰之间的关联。
我们旨在研究社会支持对黑人孕妇种族歧视经历与心理困扰之间关联的调节作用。
我们报告了一项基于 COVID-19 大流行前前瞻性队列研究中招募的 599 名黑人孕妇的横断面数据的研究结果。女性完成了关于种族歧视经历（歧视经历）、社会支持（MOS 社会支持调查）和心理困扰（心理综合幸福感指数）的问卷。
女性的平均年龄为 26±5 岁，数据采集时的妊娠龄为 17±6 周。约 53%的女性报告至少在一种情况下经历过种族歧视，54%的女性报告有心理困扰。调整了协变量后，种族歧视与心理困扰的风险增加 2.2 倍（比值比 [OR] = 2.24；95%置信区间 [CI] 1.35-3.70； = .002）。社会支持低（得分低于中位数）与心理困扰的可能性增加 3.8 倍相关（OR = 3.84，95% CI 2.27-6.48， < .001）。社会支持并不能调节种族歧视经历与心理困扰之间的关联。
本研究的发现有助于证明黑人孕妇一生中经历种族歧视和社会支持水平低与心理困扰有关。
