Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Tasmania, Australia.
Environment Protection Authority, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2024 Nov;20(6):2334-2346. doi: 10.1002/ieam.4989. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
Accidental fuel spills associated with the storage, transfer, and use of diesel fuel for power generation have occurred on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island since the establishment of the island's research station in 1948. An extensive in situ remediation program was implemented by the Australian government from 2009 to 2016 that used nutrient addition and air sparging to enhance the microbial degradation of petroleum products. During this period, a range of ecotoxicological assessments were conducted to better understand the impacts of fuel in soils on native biota and their sensitivity. This study compiles this ecotoxicological data into a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) to establish environmental quality guideline values (EQGVs) for fuels in soils on Macquarie Island. The SSD model includes 13 critical effect concentrations (CECs) selected using an expert judgment approach. These include data from functional and community-based tests as well as traditional single-species toxicity tests using microbes, plants, and invertebrates and representing the range of carbon content (~3%-48%) and fuel composition at various stages of degradation (from fresh to 18 months aged) in soils as occurs at contaminated sites on the island. A protective concentration (PC80) of 97 mg/kg TPH C9-C40 (95% CI 24-283) was derived for special Antarctic blend diesel from the SSD and is recommended as an appropriate site-specific EQGV and potential remediation target for the immediate station area in the vicinity of infrastructure. More conservative PC values are also provided for areas with higher conservation values outside the station footprint. These EQGVs are the first to be produced for fuels in the sub-Antarctic and Antarctic regions. They will be used to inform ongoing environmental management on Macquarie Island and are likely suitable and recommended for use more broadly across the sub-Antarctic. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:2334-2346. © 2024 Commonwealth of Australia. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
自 1948 年该岛研究站建立以来，与储存、转移和使用柴油发电有关的意外燃料溢漏事件一直在亚南极麦夸里岛发生。澳大利亚政府于 2009 年至 2016 年实施了一项广泛的现场修复计划，该计划使用养分添加和空气注入来增强石油产品的微生物降解。在此期间，进行了一系列生态毒理学评估，以更好地了解土壤中燃料对本地生物群及其敏感性的影响。本研究将这些生态毒理学数据编制成物种敏感性分布（SSD），为麦夸里岛土壤中的燃料建立环境质量指导值（EQGV）。SSD 模型包括使用专家判断方法选择的 13 个关键效应浓度（CEC）。这些数据包括来自功能和群落测试以及使用微生物、植物和无脊椎动物进行的传统单一物种毒性测试的数据，代表了在岛上污染地点发生的土壤中不同降解阶段（从新鲜到 18 个月老化）的碳含量（~3%-48%）和燃料组成的范围。从 SSD 得出，特殊南极混合柴油的保护浓度（PC80）为 97 mg/kg TPH C9-C40（95% CI 24-283），建议作为适用于该站附近基础设施的特定地点环境质量指导值和潜在修复目标。对于站外具有更高保护价值的区域，也提供了更保守的 PC 值。这些 EQGV 是首次在亚南极和南极地区的燃料中产生。它们将用于指导麦夸里岛的环境管理，并可能在整个亚南极地区广泛适用和推荐使用。2024 年，《综合环境评估与管理》第 20 卷：2334-2346 期。版权所有©2024 澳大利亚联邦。综合环境评估与管理由 Wiley Periodicals LLC 代表环境毒理与化学学会（SETAC）出版。
