Aydogdu C, Brinkmann I, Casuscelli J
Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Deutschland.
Uro-Onkologische Tagesklinik, Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, LMU-Klinikum, Campus Großhadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
Urologie. 2024 Nov;63(11):1162-1173. doi: 10.1007/s00120-024-02413-4. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
Systemic treatment of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder requires complex approaches and is constantly evolving. Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy remains the current standard of care for muscle-invasive advanced bladder cancer. For patients ineligible for cisplatin, adjuvant treatment with nivolumab is recommended. Innovative perioperative combinations could transform the treatment landscape in the future. First-line treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma has long been dominated by platinum-based combinations, recently followed by the immune checkpoint inhibitor avelumab as maintenance therapy; however, recent results on the use of enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab in the first-line setting are expected to fundamentally change the treatment options. In subsequent lines of treatment, the not yet approved erdafitinib, as the first targeted therapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma, offers an important alternative and underscores the need for molecular testing.
膀胱尿路上皮癌的全身治疗需要复杂的方法,且在不断发展。以顺铂为基础的新辅助化疗后行根治性膀胱切除术仍是目前肌层浸润性晚期膀胱癌的标准治疗方案。对于不符合使用顺铂条件的患者,推荐使用纳武单抗进行辅助治疗。创新的围手术期联合治疗可能会在未来改变治疗格局。转移性尿路上皮癌的一线治疗长期以来一直以铂类联合治疗为主,最近阿维鲁单抗作为维持治疗药物;然而,恩杂鲁胺和帕博利珠单抗在一线治疗中的最新结果预计将从根本上改变治疗选择。在后续治疗中,尚未获批的厄达替尼作为晚期尿路上皮癌的首个靶向治疗药物,提供了重要的替代方案,并强调了分子检测的必要性。