Wendt Claus
Lehrstuhl für Soziologie der Gesundheit und des Gesundheitssystems, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2024 Oct;67(10):1172-1179. doi: 10.1007/s00103-024-03945-y. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
The extent of loneliness differs internationally. Especially in the developed welfare states of Northern Europe, loneliness levels in the population are comparatively low. However, the increase in loneliness in many countries shows that existing concepts are not sufficient to provide effective protection against loneliness. Younger people also need to be strengthened so that they do not withdraw when they experience social exclusion and loneliness. This requires qualified specialists in kindergartens, schools, sports clubs, and other leisure facilities who help children and young people to establish social contacts. Friendship and neighborhood models have proven to be successful when it comes to strategies to combat loneliness. Greater identification with the neighborhood and a feeling of security help build social networks and reduce loneliness. For older people it is important to be able to stay in their usual social environment and maintain their social contacts. To this end, accessible public spaces must be combined with home care and support services that are tailored to the needs and wishes of older people.
孤独的程度在国际上存在差异。尤其是在北欧发达的福利国家,人口中的孤独水平相对较低。然而,许多国家孤独现象的增加表明,现有的观念不足以提供有效的孤独防护。年轻人也需要得到强化,以便他们在经历社会排斥和孤独时不会退缩。这需要在幼儿园、学校、体育俱乐部和其他休闲设施中有资质的专业人员,帮助儿童和年轻人建立社会联系。在应对孤独的策略方面,友谊和邻里模式已被证明是成功的。对邻里的更强认同感和安全感有助于建立社交网络并减少孤独感。对于老年人来说,能够留在他们平常的社会环境中并维持社交联系很重要。为此,无障碍的公共空间必须与根据老年人的需求和愿望量身定制的家庭护理和支持服务相结合。