Gerontological Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
J Nutr. 2024 Oct;154(10):3042-3047. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.08.020. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
Although diets rich in carotenoids are associated with muscle health and a reduced risk of disability, the relationship between carotenoids and low lean body mass has not been fully elucidated.
This study aimed to clarify the relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations and low lean body mass over 4 y in older Japanese community-dwellers.
A total of 750 adults aged ≥60 y participated in the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging. Individuals with a low lean body mass and muscle strength or gait speed at baseline were excluded. Baseline serum α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, and lycopene were measured. Low lean body mass was defined as appendicular lean mass relative to the measured height (ALM/ht) of <7.0 kg/m in males and <5.4 kg/m in females, according to the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. A generalized estimating equation was used to estimate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for low lean body mass according to tertiles of total and individual carotenoids at baseline, adjusted for sex, age, season, follow-up months, education years, economic status, current smoking status, a history of ischemic heart disease, stroke, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic equivalents.
Low serum total carotenoids were associated with low ALM/ht, and the odds ratios of low ALM/ht in the third tertile of total carotenoids were significantly lower than those in the first tertile after adjusting for covariates. The odds ratios of low ALM/ht in the third tertile of β-cryptoxanthin were significantly associated with those in the first tertile after adjusting for covariates (P = 0.03); however, no trend was observed for this relationship.
These findings indicate that low serum total carotenoids and serum β-cryptoxanthin are associated with low lean body mass in older Japanese community-dwellers.
尽管富含类胡萝卜素的饮食与肌肉健康和降低残疾风险有关，但类胡萝卜素与低瘦体质量之间的关系尚未完全阐明。
本研究旨在阐明血清类胡萝卜素浓度与年长的日本社区居民 4 年内低瘦体质量之间的关系。
共有 750 名年龄≥60 岁的成年人参加了日本国家长寿科学研究所衰老纵向研究。排除了基线时低瘦体质量和肌肉力量或步态速度的个体。测量了基线时血清α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、玉米黄质、叶黄素和番茄红素。根据亚洲肌少症工作组 2019 年的标准，将男性的四肢瘦体质量相对于测量身高（ALM/ht）<7.0 kg/m 和女性的<5.4 kg/m 定义为低瘦体质量。使用广义估计方程，根据基线时总类胡萝卜素和个体类胡萝卜素的三分位值，调整性别、年龄、季节、随访月数、受教育年限、经济状况、当前吸烟状况、缺血性心脏病、中风、高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病和代谢当量，估计低瘦体质量的比值比和 95%置信区间。
低血清总类胡萝卜素与低 ALM/ht 相关，调整协变量后，总类胡萝卜素第三分位的低 ALM/ht 的比值比明显低于第一分位。调整协变量后，β-隐黄质第三分位的低 ALM/ht 比值比与第一分位显著相关（P=0.03）；然而，这种关系没有趋势。
这些发现表明，低血清总类胡萝卜素和血清β-隐黄质与年长的日本社区居民的低瘦体质量有关。
