Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3, 118 21 Prague, Czech Republic.
Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Wood Science and Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 15;951:175858. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175858. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
The impact of atmospheric pollution on the growth of European forest tree species, particularly European beech, Silver fir and Norway spruce, is examined in five mesic forests in the Czech Republic. Analyzing of basal area increment (BAI) patterns using linear mixed effect models reveals a complex interplay between atmospheric nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) deposition, climatic variables and changing CO concentrations. Beech BAI responds positively to N deposition (in tandem with air CO concentration), with soil phosphorus (P) availability emerging as a significant factor influencing overall growth rates. Fir BAI, on the other hand, was particularly negatively influenced by S deposition, although recent growth acceleration suggests growth resilience in post-pollution period. This fir growth surge likely coincides with stimulation of P acquisition following the decline of acidic pollution. The consequence is the current highest productivity among the studied tree species. The growth dynamics of both conifers were closely linked to the stoichiometric imbalance of phosphorus in needles, indicating the possible sensitivity of exogenous controls on nutrient uptake. Furthermore, spruce BAI was positively linked to calcium availability across sites. Despite enhanced water-use efficiency under elevated CO, spruce growth is constrained by precipitation deficit and demonstrates weakening resilience to increasing growing season air temperatures. Overall, these findings underscore the intricate relationships between atmospheric pollution, nutrient availability, and climatic factors in shaping the growth dynamics of European forest ecosystems. Thus, incorporating biogeochemical context of nutrient availability is essential for realistic modelling of tree growth in a changing climate.
大气污染对欧洲森林树种（尤其是欧洲山毛榉、银冷杉和挪威云杉）生长的影响在捷克共和国的五个湿润森林中进行了研究。使用线性混合效应模型分析基面积增量（BAI）模式，揭示了大气氮（N）和硫（S）沉积、气候变量和不断变化的 CO 浓度之间的复杂相互作用。山毛榉的 BAI 对 N 沉积呈正响应（与空气 CO 浓度呈协同关系），土壤磷（P）的可用性是影响整体生长速度的重要因素。另一方面，冷杉的 BAI 特别受到 S 沉积的负面影响，尽管最近的生长加速表明在污染后时期具有生长弹性。这种冷杉生长的激增可能与酸性污染下降后 P 吸收的刺激同时发生。其结果是在所研究的树种中当前具有最高的生产力。两种针叶树的生长动态与针叶中磷的化学计量失衡密切相关，表明外部控制对养分吸收的可能敏感性。此外，云杉的 BAI 与各地点的钙可用性呈正相关。尽管在 CO 升高下提高了水分利用效率，但由于降水不足，云杉的生长受到限制，并且对生长季节空气温度升高的弹性减弱。总的来说，这些发现强调了大气污染、养分可用性和气候因素之间错综复杂的关系，这些因素影响着欧洲森林生态系统的生长动态。因此，在不断变化的气候下，对树木生长进行现实建模时，纳入养分可用性的生物地球化学背景是至关重要的。
