Cai Pingwei, Hu Xiang, Chen Kai, Lu Zhiwen, Wen Zhenhai
State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated-Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Sci Bull (Beijing). 2024 Nov 30;69(22):3571-3589. doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.08.018. Epub 2024 Aug 19.
Electrochemical energy devices serve as a vital link in the mutual conversion between chemical energy and electrical energy. This role positions them to be essential for achieving high-efficiency utilization and advancement of renewable energy. Electrochemical reactions, including anodic and cathodic reactions, play a crucial role in facilitating the connection between two types of charge carriers: electrons circulating within the external circuit and ions transportation within the internal electrolyte, which ensures the completion of the circuit in electrochemical devices. While electrons are uniform, ions come in various types, we herein propose the concept of hybrid electrochemical energy technologies (h-EETs) characterized by the utilization of different ions as charge carriers of anodic and cathodic reactions. Accordingly, this review aims to explore the fundamentals of emerging hybrid electrochemical energy technologies and recent research advancements. We start with the introduction of the concept and foundational aspects of h-EETs, including the proposed definition, the historical background, operational principles, device configurations, and the underlying principles governing these configurations of the h-EETs. We then discuss how the integration of hybrid charge carriers influences the performance of associated h-EETs, to facilitate an insightful understanding on how ions carriers can be beneficial and effectively implemented into electrochemical energy devices. Furthermore, a special emphasis is placed on offering an overview of the research progress in emerging h-EETs over recent years, including hybrid battery capacitors that extend beyond traditional hybrid supercapacitors, as well as exploration into hybrid fuel cells and hybrid electrolytic synthesis. Finally, we highlight the major challenges and provide anticipatory insights into the future perspectives of developing high-performance h-EETs devices.
电化学能量装置是化学能与电能相互转换的关键环节。这一角色使其对于实现可再生能源的高效利用和发展至关重要。包括阳极反应和阴极反应在内的电化学反应，在促进两种电荷载体之间的连接方面起着关键作用：电子在外部电路中循环，离子在内部电解质中传输，这确保了电化学装置中电路的完整。虽然电子是统一的，但离子有多种类型，我们在此提出混合电化学能量技术（h-EETs）的概念，其特点是利用不同的离子作为阳极和阴极反应的电荷载体。因此，本综述旨在探讨新兴混合电化学能量技术的基本原理和最新研究进展。我们首先介绍h-EETs的概念和基础方面，包括提出的定义、历史背景、工作原理、器件结构以及支配这些h-EETs结构的基本原理。然后我们讨论混合电荷载体的整合如何影响相关h-EETs的性能，以便深入理解离子载体如何有益并有效地应用于电化学能量装置。此外，特别强调概述近年来新兴h-EETs的研究进展，包括超越传统混合超级电容器的混合电池电容器，以及对混合燃料电池和混合电解合成的探索。最后，我们强调主要挑战，并对开发高性能h-EETs器件的未来前景提供前瞻性见解。
