Butrimas Grinvydas, Cibulskaitė Robertina, Janonytė Ugnė, Silickytė Rūta
Dermatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LSMU), Kaunas, LTU.
Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LSMU), Kaunas, LTU.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 30;16(7):e65754. doi: 10.7759/cureus.65754. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Objective This study aims to analyze melanoma characteristics and their correlation with metastasis in 604 patients diagnosed at the Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (2018-2023). Materials and methods This retrospective study used coded data from the HLUHS Skin and Venereal Diseases Department database. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics; significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Nodal metastases were more prevalent in T4 (43.3%) and T3 (29.7%) tumours compared to other thickness groups (p<0.001). Distant metastases increased with tumour thickness (3.0% in T1 to 21.1% in T4) (p<0.001). Ulceration correlated significantly with nodal (32.3% vs. 14.1%) and distant (16.6% vs. 5.7%) metastases (p<0.001). Males exhibit higher rates of advanced stages, nodal and distant metastases, larger tumours, and torso localization; females show higher rates of superficial spreading melanoma and extremity localization. Conclusions In Lithuanian cases, T1 melanomas prevailed, but T4 thickness was notably frequent, suggesting potential early detection issues. Tumour thickness correlated with nodal (21.2%) and distant metastases (9.9%), highlighting its predictive significance. Ulceration emerged as a prognostic indicator for distant metastases, with males showing thicker tumours and higher metastasis rates, stressing targeted interventions.
目的 本研究旨在分析立陶宛卫生科学大学医院（2018 - 2023年）确诊的604例患者的黑色素瘤特征及其与转移的相关性。材料与方法 本回顾性研究使用了来自HLUHS皮肤与性病科数据库的编码数据。数据采用IBM SPSS Statistics进行分析；显著性设定为p < 0.05。结果 与其他厚度组相比，T4（43.3%）和T3（29.7%）肿瘤的淋巴结转移更为普遍（p<0.001）。远处转移随肿瘤厚度增加而增加（T1为3.0%至T4为21.1%）（p<0.001）。溃疡与淋巴结转移（32.3%对14.1%）和远处转移（16.6%对5.7%）显著相关（p<0.001）。男性表现出更高的晚期阶段、淋巴结和远处转移率、更大的肿瘤以及躯干定位率；女性表现出更高的浅表扩散性黑色素瘤率和肢体定位率。结论 在立陶宛的病例中，T1黑色素瘤占主导，但T4厚度明显常见，提示可能存在早期检测问题。肿瘤厚度与淋巴结转移（21.2%）和远处转移（9.9%）相关，突出了其预测意义。溃疡成为远处转移的预后指标，男性肿瘤更厚且转移率更高，强调了针对性干预。
