Programa de Salud Global, Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Medwave. 2024 Aug 30;24(7):e2952. doi: 10.5867/medwave.2024.07.2952.
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the mental health of healthcare workers. Studying the care perspective is essential to understanding the causes of specific mental health findings and proposing strategies to address them.
Cross-sectional study with a thematic analytical approach, derived from the international initiative "The Health Care Workers Study" (HEROES), conducted among healthcare workers in Chile during the second semester of 2022 and the first of 2023 through semi-structured interviews and inductive coding.
A narrative synthesis of 35 interviews in four themes: care at work: the presence of changes in work tasks, concern about becoming infected, collective "mystique", stigma due to being a healthcare worker, conflicts with patients; care at home: multiple ways of arranging household tasks, the relevance of living with others, interrelation with work dynamics, "double burden" among women; relationship with one's own mental health: recognition of mental health impact, the stress associated with change and uncertainty, perception of work overload, feelings of guilt or responsibility for infecting family members; and beliefs and values about the pandemic and its effects: acceptance of psychological impact on healthcare workers, organizational culture as a relevant element in postponing one's own mental health, initial disbelief in the effects of the pandemic, similarities with previous periods of social upheaval, and equality among people in terms of vulnerability to the disease.
Five elements emerge as potential areas for intervention: gender perspective, previous exposure to crisis experiences, self-care spaces, peer support, and institutional response. The care perspective helps study the relationship between some stressors and healthcare workers' mental health in the context of a pandemic.
COVID-19 大流行对医护人员的心理健康产生了影响。研究护理视角对于理解特定心理健康发现的原因并提出解决这些问题的策略至关重要。
这是一项横断面研究，采用主题分析方法，源自国际倡议“医护人员研究”（HEROES），于 2022 年下半年和 2023 年上半年在智利的医护人员中进行，采用半结构化访谈和归纳式编码。
对 35 名医护人员进行了叙述性综合分析，共得出四个主题：工作中的护理：工作任务发生变化，担心感染，集体“神秘主义”，因医护人员身份而产生的耻辱感，与患者的冲突；家庭中的护理：安排家务的多种方式，与他人生活的重要性，与工作动态的相互关系，女性的“双重负担”；与自身心理健康的关系：认识到心理健康的影响，与变化和不确定性相关的压力，对工作负荷过重的感知，对感染家庭成员的内疚或责任感；对大流行及其影响的信念和价值观：接受对医护人员心理健康的影响，组织文化作为推迟自身心理健康的一个相关因素，对大流行影响的最初怀疑，与以往社会动荡时期的相似性，以及人们在疾病易感性方面的平等。
有五个要素是潜在的干预领域：性别视角、以前暴露于危机经历、自我保健空间、同伴支持和机构反应。护理视角有助于研究大流行背景下一些压力源与医护人员心理健康之间的关系。
