Bates-Jensen Barbara M, Jordan Kathleen, Jewell William, Sonenblum Sharon E
School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
J Tissue Viability. 2024 Nov;33(4):745-752. doi: 10.1016/j.jtv.2024.08.002. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
To assess the effectiveness of thermography, colorimetry, and oximetry at detecting temperature changes after erythema induction across diverse skin tones in healthy adults.
Erythema was induced at the forearm and ulnar head (UH) using a cupping device. Temperature via thermal image, erythema value via colorimeter, and oxygen saturation via oximeter were collected immediately and 5-10 min (delayed) after cupping at both sites.
At the forearm, the delayed timepoint was significantly warmer than baseline. At the UH, the immediate timepoint was significantly colder than baseline. Erythema increased at both timepoints and both locations. The correlation between temperature change and erythema change was weak. Change in temperature did not differ between skin tone groups. The Intermediate Low Eumelanin skin tone group had more change in erythema compared to the Intermediate Mid (i.e., darkest) skin tone group immediately after cupping at the UH and at the delayed timepoint at the forearm.
This study observed differences in the change of erythema across skin tones but did not observe differences in temperature across skin tones. Given high variability in results, it is premature to conclude thermal imaging works equally well across all skin tones. Further research is necessary to validate the effectiveness of thermal imaging in diverse populations. Results suggest visual erythema may be a problematic indicator as less erythema was consistently noted in participants with dark skin tones. The potential of technology to increase our ability to detect erythema warrants further investigation.
评估热成像、比色法和血氧测定法在检测健康成年人不同肤色红斑诱导后温度变化方面的有效性。
使用拔罐装置在前臂和尺骨头（UH）诱导红斑。在两个部位拔罐后立即以及5 - 10分钟（延迟）后，通过热成像收集温度、通过比色计收集红斑值、通过血氧计收集血氧饱和度。
在前臂，延迟时间点的温度显著高于基线。在尺骨头，即时时间点的温度显著低于基线。两个时间点和两个部位的红斑均增加。温度变化与红斑变化之间的相关性较弱。肤色组之间的温度变化无差异。在尺骨头拔罐后即时以及在前臂延迟时间点，中等低黑色素肤色组的红斑变化比中等中（即最深）肤色组更多。
本研究观察到不同肤色之间红斑变化存在差异，但未观察到肤色之间的温度差异。鉴于结果的高度变异性，现在就得出热成像在所有肤色上效果相同的结论还为时过早。需要进一步研究以验证热成像在不同人群中的有效性。结果表明，视觉红斑可能是一个有问题的指标，因为肤色较深的参与者中红斑较少一直被观察到。该技术提高我们检测红斑能力的潜力值得进一步研究。
