Bech Christine Flagstad, Kart Trine, Kjeldsen Lene Juel, Petersen Marianne Brøndum, Andersen Trine Rune Høgh
Department of People and Technology, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
Clinical Pharmacy, Region Zealand Hospital Pharmacy, Roskilde, Denmark.
Eur J Hosp Pharm. 2024 Aug 31. doi: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004226.
The role of the hospital pharmacist is evolving, and in many countries pharmacists play an increasingly patient-centred role in healthcare. This study aimed to investigate the development of Danish hospital clinical pharmacy services from 2008 to 2023 and compare their current state to the European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) statements of clinical pharmacy services.
Four Danish reports describing the current state of clinical pharmacy in Danish hospitals released in 2008, 2013, 2019 and 2023 were analysed and compared. The reports' data were obtained through questionnaires sent to all hospital pharmacies in Denmark. Data on staff resources and the clinical pharmacy services provided by all hospital pharmacies were extracted, analysed using descriptive statistics and compared with the EAHP statements of hospital clinical pharmacy services.
The number of clinical pharmacists increased by 85% from 2008 to 2023, and the number of pharmaconomists (Danish title of a healthcare professional with responsibilities comparable to a pharmacy technician) increased by 59% from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, there were 2.77 pharmaconomists for every pharmacist employed. The pharmaconomist ratio/100 beds increased from 1.93 in 2013 to 3.92 in 2023. The pharmacist ratio/100 beds increased from 0.54 in 2008 to 1.41 in 2023. In 2023, the main patient-level services provided by pharmacists were medication reviews, medication histories and reconciliation, and dispensing and administration. The main pharmaconomist services were dispensing and administration, medication histories and reconciliation, and prescription reviews. The time spent on clinical pharmacy services shifted towards patient-level services over the years. Furthermore, clinical pharmacy services shifted towards greater fulfilment of the EAHP statements.
By providing an overview and comparing Danish clinical pharmacy services to the EAHP statements, we have identified areas for further development, such as the hospital pharmacist being an integral part of all patient care teams, to guide future research and practice.
医院药师的角色正在演变，在许多国家，药师在医疗保健中发挥着越来越以患者为中心的作用。本研究旨在调查2008年至2023年丹麦医院临床药学服务的发展情况，并将其现状与欧洲医院药师协会（EAHP）的临床药学服务声明进行比较。
分析并比较了2008年、2013年、2019年和2023年发布的四份描述丹麦医院临床药学现状的丹麦报告。报告数据通过向丹麦所有医院药房发送问卷获得。提取了所有医院药房的人员资源数据和提供的临床药学服务数据，采用描述性统计进行分析，并与EAHP的医院临床药学服务声明进行比较。
从2008年到2023年，临床药师数量增加了85%，从2013年到2023年，药剂师（丹麦语中与药房技术员职责相当的医疗保健专业人员的称谓）数量增加了59%。2023年，每聘用一名药师就有2.77名药剂师。药剂师与病床的比例从2013年的1.93增加到2023年的3.92。药师与病床的比例从2008年的0.54增加到2023年的1.41。2023年，药师提供的主要患者层面服务包括用药评估、用药史与核对以及调配与给药。药剂师的主要服务包括调配与给药、用药史与核对以及处方审核。多年来，临床药学服务所花费的时间转向了患者层面的服务。此外，临床药学服务在更大程度上符合了EAHP的声明。
通过提供概述并将丹麦临床药学服务与EAHP的声明进行比较，我们确定了进一步发展的领域，例如医院药师成为所有患者护理团队的组成部分，以指导未来的研究和实践。
