Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing-Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan.
Department of Radiation Protection, National Atomic Research Institute, 1000 Wenhua Rd., Jiaan Village, Longtan Dist., Taoyuan City 325, Taiwan.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2024 Sep 19;200(15):1433-1442. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncae181.
For pregnant workers in nuclear medicine, radiation doses can pose a risk to their foetus. However, foetal radiation doses cannot be measured directly. In this study, a method of estimating foetal radiation doses was developed through simulations and measurements of phantoms of pregnant women in the three trimesters. The uterus and abdominal surface doses for monoenergetic photons (137Cs) and medical diagnostic X-rays were measured, and uterine dose conversion coefficients (UDCCs) were calculated. The accuracy of the UDCC estimates were validated for measurements from thermoluminescent dosemeter (TLD) chips and TLD badges on the abdomen or chest. The foetal effective dose could be estimated using TLD chips and TLD badges on the abdomen or chest, or through literature estimation method. The proposed method can be used to easily and accurately estimate foetal effective doses from chest-worn TLD badges, ensuring accurate estimation in the early stage of pregnancy when a worker may not yet be wearing an abdominal badge. A flowchart for applying the UDCC method to approximate a foetal dose is also provided to ensure that total doses remain below the maximum of 1 mSv recommended in the International Commission on Radiological Protection 103 guidelines.
对于从事核医学的孕妇，辐射剂量可能会对胎儿造成风险。然而，胎儿辐射剂量无法直接测量。本研究通过模拟和测量三个孕期孕妇的体模，开发了一种估算胎儿辐射剂量的方法。测量了单能光子（137Cs）和医用诊断 X 射线的子宫和腹部表面剂量，并计算了子宫剂量转换系数（UDCC）。通过对腹部或胸部 TLD 芯片和 TLD 徽章的测量验证了 UDCC 估计的准确性。可以使用腹部或胸部 TLD 芯片和 TLD 徽章或通过文献估算方法来估算胎儿有效剂量。该方法可用于轻松、准确地估算佩戴在胸部的 TLD 徽章的胎儿有效剂量，确保在怀孕早期，当工作人员可能尚未佩戴腹部徽章时，也能准确估算。还提供了一个应用 UDCC 方法估算胎儿剂量的流程图，以确保总剂量保持在国际辐射防护委员会 103 号指南建议的 1 mSv 最大值以下。
