Lockman L A
Neurol Clin. 1985 Feb;3(1):19-29.
Absence seizures include classic absence, impulsive petit mal, juvenile absence seizures with myoclonic phenomena, and atonic-astatic seizures. Proper diagnosis requires careful historical elucidation of the actual seizure events, family history of seizures, and of other neurologic abnormalities. Electroencephalographic studies must include proper activation techniques. Treatment is initiated with antiepileptic drugs likely to be effective against generalized discharges: ethosuximide and valproate.
失神发作包括典型失神发作、冲动性小发作、伴有肌阵挛现象的青少年失神发作以及失张力-无动性发作。正确诊断需要对实际发作事件、癫痫家族史以及其他神经异常情况进行仔细的病史阐明。脑电图研究必须包括适当的激活技术。治疗从使用可能对全身性放电有效的抗癫痫药物开始：乙琥胺和丙戊酸盐。
