1Department of Public Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Health Insurance Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Acta Bioeng Biomech. 2024 Apr 25;26(1):77-88. doi: 10.37190/abb-02394-2024-02. Print 2024 Jun 1.
: The aim of this work was to investigate and compare back and lower extremity joint moments and muscle excitation during stoop and squat postures by incorporating gender-based differences and analyzing lifting phases. : 18 healthy adults (9 males and 9 females; age: 24.44 ± 4.96 years, body mass: 66.00 ± 12.10 kg, height: 170.11 ± 9.20 cm, lean body mass: 48.46 ± 7.66 kg) lifted an object 30% of their lean body mass using squat and stoop postures. Marker-based motion capture, force plate, and surface electromyography were synchronously used to acquire joint moments and muscle excitation. A 3-way mixed model analysis was performed to determine the effect of gender, posture, and phase on internal joint moments and muscle excitation of the lower back and extremities. : Significant differences were observed in the interaction of lifting posture and phase on lower extremity moments and excitation of rectus femoris and medial gastrocnemius. Individual effects of posture were significant for peak internal joint moments of the lower extremities only. Anterior lower extremity muscles showed significantly increased excitation during squat, whereas medial gastrocnemius was higher in stoop. Joint moments and muscle excitations were all higher during the lifting than the bending phase. Gender differences were found only in the peak lumbosacral sagittal plane moment and rectus femoris muscle excitation. : The study identified significant variations in the joint moments and muscle excitation in lifting, influenced by gender, posture, and phase, highlighting its complex nature. Overall interactions were lacking, however individual effects were evident, necessitating larger future studies.
本研究旨在探讨和比较在深蹲和弯腰姿势下，纳入性别差异并分析提升阶段，背部和下肢关节力矩和肌肉激活的变化。 18 名健康成年人（9 名男性和 9 名女性；年龄：24.44 ± 4.96 岁，体重：66.00 ± 12.10 公斤，身高：170.11 ± 9.20 厘米，去脂体重：48.46 ± 7.66 公斤）以深蹲和弯腰姿势提起 30%去脂体重的物体。使用基于标记的运动捕捉、测力板和表面肌电图同步采集关节力矩和肌肉激活。采用 3 因素混合模型分析确定性别、姿势和阶段对内背部和下肢关节力矩和肌肉激活的影响。 结果：在下肢力矩和股直肌、内侧腓肠肌的激活方面，观察到提升姿势和阶段的相互作用存在显著差异。姿势的个体效应仅对下肢的峰值关节力矩有显著影响。深蹲时下肢前侧肌肉的兴奋明显增加，而弯腰时内侧腓肠肌的兴奋更高。与弯曲阶段相比，提升阶段的关节力矩和肌肉兴奋均更高。仅在腰椎矢状面峰值力矩和股直肌肌肉兴奋方面发现了性别差异。 结论：本研究发现，在提升过程中，关节力矩和肌肉激活存在显著的性别、姿势和阶段差异，突出了其复杂性。尽管缺乏整体相互作用，但存在个体效应，因此需要进一步进行更大规模的研究。
