Department of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Kitakanemaru, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013 Jun 1;38(13):E832-9. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31829360e5.
Biomechanical study using a 3D motion analysis system conducted in a laboratory setting.
To determine the effect of mental processing on low back load during lifting.
In addition to ergonomic factors such as frequent lifting, work-related psychosocial factors are significant in the onset of disabling back pain. Although the ergonomic effects on low back load while lifting have been investigated and are widely accepted in the workplace, few studies have investigated the effect of psychosocial factors on low back load while lifting.
Thirteen healthy subjects lifted a box from the ground in 4 different lifting tasks in randomized order: (1) squat posture with knees flexed; (2) stoop posture with knees extended; (3) squat posture with mental processing using arithmetic tasks; and (4) stoop posture with mental processing using arithmetic tasks. We used a 3D motion analysis system and 4 force plates to record kinematic and kinetic data. We calculated dynamic triaxial low back joint moments and low back compression force as index parameters of low back load under these experimental conditions.
Mental processing significantly increased peak low back compression force and low back extension moment, but not lateral flexion or rotation moment, while lifting in both lifting postures. Also, mental processing increased trunk bending angles in the squat posture. Although a tendency for decreased pelvic forward tilt was observed, mental processing did not significantly decrease forward pelvic tilt in the stoop posture.
Mental processing during lifting tasks seems to affect both trunk and pelvis angles in the sagittal plane for squat and stoop postures, resulting in increased low back load. The present findings might help explain the effect of ergonomic demands of lifting tasks as well as psychosocial factors responsible for the onset of disabling back pain.
在实验室环境中使用三维运动分析系统进行的生物力学研究。
确定心理加工对举升过程中腰部负荷的影响。
除了频繁举升等人体工程学因素外，与工作相关的社会心理因素也是导致致残性腰痛的重要因素。虽然在工作场所已经对举升时腰部负荷的人体工程学效应进行了研究并得到广泛认可，但很少有研究调查心理社会因素对举升时腰部负荷的影响。
13 名健康受试者以随机顺序进行了 4 种不同的举升任务：（1）深蹲姿势，膝盖弯曲；（2）弯腰姿势，膝盖伸直；（3）深蹲姿势，进行心算任务的心理加工；（4）弯腰姿势，进行心算任务的心理加工。我们使用三维运动分析系统和 4 个力板来记录运动学和动力学数据。我们计算了动态三轴腰部关节力矩和腰部压缩力，作为这些实验条件下腰部负荷的指标参数。
在两种举升姿势下，心理加工都会显著增加峰值腰部压缩力和腰部伸展力矩，但不会增加腰部侧屈或旋转力矩。此外，心理加工会增加深蹲姿势下的躯干弯曲角度。虽然观察到骨盆前倾角度有减小的趋势，但心理加工并不能显著减小弯腰姿势下骨盆的前倾角。
在举升任务中进行心理加工似乎会影响深蹲和弯腰姿势下躯干和骨盆在矢状面的角度，从而增加腰部负荷。本研究结果可能有助于解释举升任务的人体工程学要求以及导致致残性腰痛的社会心理因素的影响。
2 级。
