Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria.
Mol Ecol. 2024 Oct;33(19):e17512. doi: 10.1111/mec.17512. Epub 2024 Sep 1.
Long-term genetic studies of wild populations are very scarce, but are essential for connecting ecological and population genetics models, and for understanding the dynamics of biodiversity. We present a study of a wild wheat population sampled over a 36-year period at high spatial resolution. We genotyped 832 individuals from regular sampling along transects during the course of the experiment. Genotypes were clustered into ecological microhabitats over scales of tens of metres, and this clustering was remarkably stable over the 36 generations of the study. Simulations show that it is difficult to determine whether this spatial and temporal stability reflects extremely limited dispersal or fine-scale local adaptation to ecological parameters. Using a common-garden experiment, we showed that the genotypes found in distinct microhabitats differ phenotypically. Our results provide a rare insight into the population genetics of a natural population over a long monitoring period.
长期的野生种群遗传研究非常稀缺，但对于连接生态和种群遗传学模型以及理解生物多样性动态至关重要。我们报告了一项对野生小麦种群的研究，该种群在 36 年的时间内进行了高空间分辨率采样。我们对实验过程中沿样带定期采样的 832 个个体进行了基因型分析。基因型被聚类为数十米尺度的生态小生境，这种聚类在研究的 36 个世代中非常稳定。模拟表明，难以确定这种时空稳定性是反映极其有限的扩散还是对生态参数的精细尺度本地适应。通过一个共同的花园实验，我们表明，在不同小生境中发现的基因型在表型上存在差异。我们的研究结果提供了一个罕见的机会，可以长期监测自然种群的种群遗传学。
