Hou Jian, Ren Erzhou, Chen Zhiyong, Kim Nahyeon, Park Hyun-Ho, Okereke Ogechukwu Blessing, Kim Jun-Hyun
School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
Luoyang Bearing Research Institute Co., Ltd, Luoyang 471003, China.
ACS Omega. 2024 Aug 16;9(34):36710-36717. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c05382. eCollection 2024 Aug 27.
A stable support substrate for catalytically active metal nanoparticles (NPs) plays an important role in various chemical transformation reactions. This study describes the effective integration of catalytically active palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) into recycled carbon black (rCB) obtained from scrap tires. The loading efficiency and dispersion degree of PdNPs prepared via a deposition-precipitation method are thoroughly compared to those prepared with conventional Vulcan CB. As the rCB powder exhibits relatively larger surface areas and wider pore size distributions, slightly polydisperse and more PdNPs are integrated across rCB than those on CB. These composite materials are subsequently tested as catalysts in the Suzuki coupling and styrene hydrogenation reactions. For the Suzuki reaction using phenylboronic acid and bromobenzene, the PdNPs on rCB exhibit slightly higher reactivity than those on CB (TOF of ∼9/h vs ∼8/h), presumably due to the structural features of the integrated PdNPs and the relatively hydrophobic characteristics of the rCB substrate. For the hydrogenation reaction, both composite materials easily result in over 99% yield under ambient conditions with similar activation energies of ∼32 kcal/mol. These composite materials are also recyclable in both reactions without a detectable loss of the PdNP catalyst and its activity. Understanding the physicochemical properties of rCB and demonstrating their potential use as a catalyst support substrate evidently suggest the possibility of replacing conventional CB, which also provides an idea of upcycling waste tires in the development of practical and green reaction systems.
用于催化活性金属纳米颗粒（NPs）的稳定载体在各种化学转化反应中起着重要作用。本研究描述了将催化活性钯纳米颗粒（PdNPs）有效整合到从废旧轮胎中获得的再生炭黑（rCB）中的过程。通过沉积沉淀法制备的PdNPs的负载效率和分散程度与用传统Vulcan炭黑（CB）制备的进行了全面比较。由于rCB粉末具有相对较大的表面积和更宽的孔径分布，与CB相比，rCB上整合的PdNPs略多且多分散性稍高。随后将这些复合材料作为催化剂用于铃木偶联反应和苯乙烯加氢反应。对于使用苯硼酸和溴苯的铃木反应，rCB上的PdNPs表现出比CB上的略高的反应活性（TOF约为9/h对约8/h），这可能是由于整合的PdNPs的结构特征和rCB载体相对疏水的特性。对于加氢反应，两种复合材料在环境条件下都很容易获得超过99%的产率，活化能相似，约为32 kcal/mol。这些复合材料在两个反应中也都可回收，PdNP催化剂及其活性没有可检测到的损失。了解rCB的物理化学性质并证明其作为催化剂载体的潜在用途显然表明了替代传统CB的可能性，这也为在实际和绿色反应体系的开发中对废旧轮胎进行升级再造提供了思路。
