School of Natural Resources Engineering & Management, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, German Jordanian University, Amman, 11180, Jordan.
School of Agriculture, Department of Land, Water and Environment, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Sep 2;196(10):879. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-13061-8.
Assessing drought impacts is necessary for pursuing sustainable development goals relevant to food security and land degradation. Data availability is a major restriction and remote sensing has been promoted for this purpose. Version 3 of WaPOR has been released in 2023, which provides global coverage of remote sensing-derived water productivity indicators and could allow improved analysis of drought impacts, but validation is still needed. This study explores the utility of remote sensing-derived productivity data from WaPOR as a proxy indicator for agricultural drought impacts. The analysis utilized (1) production surveys, (2) meteorological measurements for drought analysis, and (3) remote sensing-derived gross and net biomass water productivities (GBWP & NBWP) and total biomass production (TBP). All layers were analyzed against the Standardized Precipitation and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Indices (SPI and SPEI) over drought-vulnerable locations in Irbid and Madaba governorates in Jordan. Strong and significant correlations (R 0.5-0.8, P < 0.05) were obtained between drought intensities and GBWP and NBWP layers, particularly in the May-Sep periods. These correlations were higher than previously tested remotely sensed indicators for agricultural drought impacts. Water productivity and biomass production averages were lower during drier periods and higher during wet periods, but pairwise testing did not reveal significant differences. There is sufficient evidence that WaPOR data demonstrates behavior that reflects agricultural response to drought, and further assessment in other agroclimatic zones is recommended. This could potentially allow for enhanced evaluation of management strategies, decision support, and policy recommendations for drought mitigation.
评估干旱影响对于实现与粮食安全和土地退化相关的可持续发展目标至关重要。数据可用性是一个主要限制因素，遥感技术为此目的得到了推广。WaPOR 版本 3 已于 2023 年发布，该版本提供了全球范围的遥感衍生水生产力指标覆盖，并可允许对干旱影响进行更深入的分析，但仍需要进行验证。本研究探讨了 WaPOR 提供的遥感衍生生产力数据作为农业干旱影响代理指标的效用。该分析利用了（1）产量调查，（2）用于干旱分析的气象测量，以及（3）遥感衍生的总初级生产力和净初级生产力（GBWP 和 NBWP）和总生物量产量（TBP）。所有层均针对在约旦伊尔比德和马达巴省干旱易发生地区的标准化降水和标准化降水蒸散指数（SPI 和 SPEI）进行了分析。在 5 月至 9 月期间，干旱强度与 GBWP 和 NBWP 层之间获得了强烈且显著的相关性（R 0.5-0.8，P < 0.05）。这些相关性高于之前测试的农业干旱影响的遥感指标。在干旱时期，水生产力和生物量产量平均值较低，而在湿润时期较高，但成对测试并未揭示出显著差异。有充分的证据表明 WaPOR 数据的行为反映了农业对干旱的响应，建议在其他农业气候区进行进一步评估。这可能允许更深入地评估管理策略、决策支持和干旱缓解政策建议。
