Department of Life Sciences, Health, and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Via del Casale di S. Pio V, 44, 00165 Rome, Italy.
Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Academic Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), via Lorenz Boelher 7, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
Br Med Bull. 2024 Sep 27;151(1):49-68. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldae009.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) may bring lifelong consequences for affected patients and a high financial burden to the health care system.
Published peer-reviewed scientific articles identified from EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus.
Surgery and blood pressure management are the main targets in acute SCI to avoid secondary damage.
The management of secondary chronic SCI is challenging, with unpredictable outcomes.
Given the lack of consensus on pharmacological therapy for acute and secondary chronic SCI, the present study analyses the currently available drugs and treatment options to manage secondary chronic SCI.
Different approaches exist for the pharmacological management of secondary chronic SCI. One of the most investigated drugs, 4-aminopyridine, improves central motor conduction and shows improvement in neurological signs. Positive results in different areas have been observed in patients receiving the anti-spastic drugs tizanidine and baclofen or Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Growth hormone showed only minimal or no significant effects, and the therapy of secondary chronic SCI with riluzole has been poorly researched to date.
脊髓损伤（SCI）可能会给患者带来终身影响，并给医疗保健系统带来沉重的经济负担。
从 EMBASE、Google Scholar、PubMed 和 Scopus 中确定的已发表的同行评议科学文章。
手术和血压管理是急性 SCI 的主要目标，以避免继发性损伤。
继发性慢性 SCI 的管理具有挑战性，其结果不可预测。
鉴于对急性和继发性慢性 SCI 的药物治疗缺乏共识，本研究分析了目前可用的药物和治疗选择，以管理继发性慢性 SCI。
继发性慢性 SCI 的药物治疗有不同的方法。一种研究最多的药物 4-氨基吡啶可改善中枢运动传导，并显示出改善神经体征的作用。接受抗痉挛药物替扎尼定和巴氯芬或粒细胞集落刺激因子治疗的患者在不同领域观察到了积极的结果。生长激素的作用很小或没有显著作用，迄今为止，利鲁唑治疗继发性慢性 SCI 的研究甚少。
