Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.
School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.
Glycobiology. 2024 Aug 30;34(10). doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwae051.
This study examined the roles of the laminin and proteoglycan receptor dystroglycan (DG) in extracellular matrix stabilization and cellular mechanosensory processes conveyed through communication between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cytoskeleton facilitated by DG. Specific functional attributes of HS-proteoglycans (HSPGs) are conveyed through interactions with DG and provide synaptic specificity through diverse interactions with an extensive range of cell attachment and adaptor proteins which convey synaptic plasticity. HSPG-DG interactions are important in phototransduction and neurotransduction and facilitate retinal bipolar-photoreceptor neuronal signaling in vision. Besides synaptic stabilization, HSPG-DG interactions also stabilize basement membranes and the ECM and have specific roles in the assembly and function of the neuromuscular junction. This provides neuromuscular control of muscle systems that control conscious body movement as well as essential autonomic control of diaphragm, intercostal and abdominal muscles and muscle systems in the face, mouth and pharynx which assist in breathing processes. DG is thus a multifunctional cell regulatory glycoprotein receptor and regulates a diverse range of biological and physiological processes throughout the human body. The unique glycosylation of the αDG domain is responsible for its diverse interactions with ECM components in cell-ECM signaling. Cytoskeletal cell regulatory switches assembled by the βDG domain in its role as a nuclear scaffolding protein respond to such ECM cues to regulate cellular behavior and tissue homeostasis thus DG has fascinating and diverse roles in health and disease.
本研究探讨了层粘连蛋白和蛋白聚糖受体 dystroglycan (DG) 在细胞外基质稳定和细胞机械感觉过程中的作用，这些过程通过 DG 介导的细胞外基质 (ECM) 和细胞骨架之间的通讯进行。HS-蛋白聚糖 (HSPGs) 的特定功能属性通过与 DG 的相互作用传递，并通过与广泛的细胞附着和衔接蛋白的各种相互作用提供突触特异性，这些蛋白与突触可塑性有关。HSPG-DG 相互作用在光转导和神经递质传递中很重要，并促进视觉中的视网膜双极光感受器神经元信号传递。除了突触稳定，HSPG-DG 相互作用还稳定基底膜和细胞外基质，并在神经肌肉接头的组装和功能中具有特定作用。这为肌肉系统提供了对控制有意识身体运动的肌肉系统的神经肌肉控制，以及对控制横膈膜、肋间肌和腹肌以及呼吸过程中辅助的面部、口腔和咽肌系统的基本自主控制。因此，DG 是一种多功能的细胞调节糖蛋白受体，调节人体全身的多种生物和生理过程。αDG 结构域的独特糖基化负责其与细胞外基质成分的多种相互作用，参与细胞-细胞外基质信号传递。βDG 结构域作为核支架蛋白组装的细胞骨架细胞调节开关，对这些细胞外基质线索作出反应，从而调节细胞行为和组织内稳态，因此 DG 在健康和疾病中具有迷人而多样的作用。
