Mutti Carlotta, Baldelli Luca, Cortelli Pietro, Parrino Liborio, Provini Federica
Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Neurology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
J Sleep Res. 2025 Apr;34(2):e14324. doi: 10.1111/jsr.14324. Epub 2024 Sep 2.
The commemoration of the 70th anniversary of rapid eye movement sleep discovery offers a unique possibility to reassess the peculiar organic condition of agrypnia excitata. Agrypnia excitata is characterized by a severe loss of sleep leading to a complete derangement of physiological sleep-wake cycle and body homeostasis. Agrypnia excitata is a definite clinico-neurophysiological condition characterized by: (1) slow-wave sleep loss with disruption of sleepwake cycle; (2) a 24-hr motor and autonomic overactivity; and (3) peculiar episodes of oneiric stupor. Agrypnia excitata may happen within different pathophysiologies, such as delirium tremens, Morvan's syndrome and fatal familial insomnia, suggesting some general reflections on the composition and function of the cerebral neuronal network generating wake and sleep behaviour and regulating body homeostasis, with a focus on rapid eye movement sleep.
快速眼动睡眠发现70周年纪念为重新评估激越性失眠这一特殊的器质性状况提供了独特契机。激越性失眠的特点是严重失眠，导致生理睡眠 - 觉醒周期和身体内环境稳定完全紊乱。激越性失眠是一种明确的临床神经生理状况，其特征为：（1）慢波睡眠丧失，睡眠 - 觉醒周期中断；（2）24小时运动和自主神经活动亢进；（3）特殊的梦呓性木僵发作。激越性失眠可能发生于不同的病理生理过程中，如震颤谵妄、莫旺综合征和致死性家族性失眠，这提示我们对产生觉醒和睡眠行为并调节身体内环境稳定的脑神经网络的组成和功能进行一些总体思考，重点是快速眼动睡眠。
