Department of Pharmaceutical Care, School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
Drug and Cosmetics Excellence Center, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
Int J Pharm Pract. 2024 Nov 14;32(6):446-451. doi: 10.1093/ijpp/riae047.
This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of community pharmacists toward acute uncomplicated cystitis regarding diagnosis, referral, and conformity to guidelines of the chosen antibiotic and to identify the associated factors with the pharmacist's knowledge.
This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey using a questionnaire. Data was collected from 349 community pharmacies in upper southern Thailand between December 2021 and February 2022. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with an inappropriate diagnosis of acute uncomplicated cystitis. The variables with P-value < 0.2 were included in the multivariate model. The statistically significant level was set as P-value < 0.05.
Three hundred and forty-nine pharmacists from 349 community pharmacies were included. Approximately 65% and 69% of the participants had the knowledge to identify which patients should be considered for cystitis and which patients should be considered for acute uncomplicated cystitis. Ninety eight percentage of pharmacists could select the appropriate antibiotic for uncomplicated cystitis patients. The most prescribed antibiotics were ciprofloxacin (44.7%), norfloxacin (40.7%), and ofloxacin (10.3%). Inappropriate diagnosis was significantly related to age (P = 0.016) and role in the community pharmacy (P = 0.033).
The majority of participants had misconceptions about the differential diagnosis between complicated and uncomplicated cystitis. These were related to the community pharmacists' advanced age. Continuous pharmacy education should be established to advocate rational antibiotic use, especially in a country where community pharmacists are legally allowed to dispense antimicrobials without a prescription.
本研究旨在评估社区药剂师对急性单纯性膀胱炎的诊断、转诊以及遵循所选抗生素指南的知识水平，并确定与药剂师知识相关的因素。
这是一项描述性的横断面调查，使用问卷进行。数据于 2021 年 12 月至 2022 年 2 月期间在泰国南部的 349 家社区药店收集。采用单变量逻辑回归分析评估与急性单纯性膀胱炎不适当诊断相关的因素。将 P 值 < 0.2 的变量纳入多变量模型。统计学显著水平设定为 P 值 < 0.05。
纳入了 349 家社区药店的 349 名药剂师。约 65%和 69%的参与者能够识别哪些患者应考虑膀胱炎，哪些患者应考虑急性单纯性膀胱炎。98%的药剂师能够为单纯性膀胱炎患者选择合适的抗生素。最常开的抗生素是环丙沙星（44.7%）、诺氟沙星（40.7%）和氧氟沙星（10.3%）。不适当的诊断与年龄（P=0.016）和在社区药店的角色（P=0.033）显著相关。
大多数参与者对复杂性和单纯性膀胱炎的鉴别诊断存在误解。这些误解与社区药剂师的年龄较大有关。应建立持续的药学教育，倡导合理使用抗生素，特别是在社区药剂师依法可凭处方配给抗菌药物的国家。
