Silveira Linda Inês, Teixeira Gisele Amaro, Barros Luísa Antônia Campos, Dergam Jorge Abdala, de Aguiar Hilton Jeferson Alves Cardoso
Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
Laboratório de Citogenética de Insetos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil.
Genome. 2025 Jan 1;68:1-12. doi: 10.1139/gen-2023-0130. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
Lund, 1831 is a speciose ant genus globally distributed and easily recognizable. Although biogeographical theories explain some variation among Neotropical , several taxonomical issues remain unresolved. While cytogenetic approaches can help to delimit species, cytogenetic data are only available for 18 taxa. In this study, classical and molecular cytogenetic analyses were performed on five r species from the Brazilian Amazon to identify species-specific patterns. Two different cytotypes, both with 2 = 22 chromosomes were observed in Mayr, 1866, suggesting the presence of cryptic species, although with different karyotypic formulas. aff. had 2 = 28, while Smith, 1858, Forel, 1904, and sp. had 2 = 38. The telomeric motif (TTAGG) was found in all five species, and the (TCAGG) motif was detected in the telomeres of . This peculiar motif was also detected in the centromeric regions of cytotype I. The microsatellite (GA) was dispersed in the chromosomes of all species studied, which also had a single intrachromosomal rDNA site. The cytogenetic results revealed notable interspecific and intraspecific variation, which suggests different chromosomal rearrangements involved in the origin of these variations, also highlighting the taxonomic value of cytogenetic data on .
伦德蚁属（Lund, 1831）是一个物种丰富的蚂蚁属，分布于全球且易于识别。尽管生物地理学理论解释了新热带地区蚂蚁之间的一些差异，但仍有几个分类学问题尚未解决。虽然细胞遗传学方法有助于界定物种，但仅18个分类单元有细胞遗传学数据。在本研究中，对来自巴西亚马逊地区的5个伦德蚁属物种进行了经典和分子细胞遗传学分析，以识别物种特异性模式。在1866年的迈尔氏蚁中观察到两种不同的细胞型，二者均有2n = 22条染色体，这表明存在隐存种，尽管核型公式不同。近似种有2n = 28条染色体，而1858年的史密斯氏蚁、1904年的福尔氏蚁及某物种有2n = 38条染色体。在所有5个物种中均发现了端粒基序（TTAGG），并且在某物种的端粒中检测到了（TTAGGG）基序。在细胞型I的着丝粒区域也检测到了这种特殊基序。微卫星（GA）n分散在所有研究物种的染色体中，这些物种也都有一个单一的染色体内核糖体DNA位点。细胞遗传学结果揭示了显著的种间和种内变异，这表明这些变异的起源涉及不同的染色体重排，同时也突出了伦德蚁属细胞遗传学数据的分类学价值。
