College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment Under Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Nov 5;479:135658. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135658. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
Leaching of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) during the post-consumer disposal of food contact materials (FCMs) poses a potential environmental threat but has seldom been evaluated. This study characterized the leaching behavior of PFAS and unidentified precursors from six common FCMs and assessed the impact of environmental conditions on PFAS release during disposal. The total concentration of 21 PFAS ranged from 3.2 to 377 ng/g in FCMs, with PFAS leachability into water varying between 1.1-42.8 %. Increasing temperature promoted PFAS leaching, with leached nine primary PFAS (∑PFAS) reaching 46.3, 70.4, and 102 ng/L at 35, 45, and 55 ℃, respectively. Thermodynamic analysis (∆G>0, ∆H>0, and ∆S<0) indicated hydrophobic interactions control PFAS leaching. The presence of dissolved organic matter in synthetic leachate increased the leached ∑PFAS from 47.1 to 103 ng/L but decreased PFBS, PFOS, and 6:2 FTS leaching. The total release of seven perfluorocarboxylic acids (∑PFCAs) from takeaway food packaging waste was estimated to be 0.3-8.2 kg/y to landfill leachate and 0.6-15.4 kg/y to incineration plant leachate, contributing 0.2-4.8 % and 0.1-3.2 % of total ∑PFCAs in each leachate type. While the study presents a refined methodology for estimating PFAS release during disposal, future research is needed on the indirect contribution from precursors.
消费后食品接触材料（FCM）处置过程中，全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的浸出会对环境造成潜在威胁，但目前对此研究甚少。本研究对 6 种常见 FCM 中 PFAS 和未识别前体的浸出行为进行了特征描述，并评估了环境条件对处置过程中 PFAS 释放的影响。FCM 中 21 种 PFAS 的总浓度范围为 3.2-377ng/g，PFAS 的可浸出性在水中的变化范围为 1.1-42.8%。升高温度促进了 PFAS 的浸出，9 种主要 PFAS（∑PFAS）在 35、45 和 55℃下分别达到 46.3、70.4 和 102ng/L。热力学分析（∆G>0、∆H>0 和 ∆S<0）表明，疏水力控制着 PFAS 的浸出。合成浸出液中溶解有机物的存在增加了浸出的∑PFAS，从 47.1ng/L 增加到 103ng/L，但降低了 PFBS、PFOS 和 6:2 FTS 的浸出。外卖食品包装废物中 7 种全氟羧酸（∑PFCAs）的总释放量预计为 0.3-8.2kg/y 进入垃圾填埋场渗滤液，0.6-15.4kg/y 进入焚烧厂渗滤液，分别占两种渗滤液中∑PFCAs 的 0.2-4.8%和 0.1-3.2%。尽管该研究提出了一种精细的方法来估计处置过程中 PFAS 的释放，但仍需要进一步研究前体的间接贡献。
