School of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Clin Nutr. 2024 Oct;43(10):2298-2304. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.08.011. Epub 2024 Aug 17.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Several studies have shown positive associations between ultra-processed foods and drinks and cancer risk. However, evidence remains limited for liver cancer. We aimed to evaluate the associations between ultra-processed foods and drinks and liver cancer risk.
We included 73,119 participants (22,431 Whites, 47,837 Blacks, 2851 other race) from the Southern Community Cohort Study. Ultra-processed products were defined based on the Nova classification using data from a validated food frequency questionnaire and calculated as percentage of daily foods by weight. Incident liver cancer and vital status were ascertained via linkages to state cancer registries and the National Death Index as of December 31, 2019.
With a median of 13.9 year's follow-up, we documented 453 incident liver cancer cases. Participants with higher intake of ultra-processed foods had an elevated risk of liver cancer (hazard ratios [HR] 1.69, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.28-2.22; P<0.001). The subclasses of ultra-processed foods, such as ultra-processed grains and fried potatoes (HR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01-1.65; P = 0.03), processed protein foods (HR 1.49, 95% CI: 1.14-1.94; P = 0.007) and mixed dishes (HR 1.39, 95% CI: 1.09-1.77; P = 0.01), were positively associated with liver cancer risk. No significant association was found for ultra-processed drinks (HR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.67-1.07; P = 0.16).
In a prospective cohort with predominantly low-income Southern US adults, we found certain ultra-processed foods were associated with a higher risk of liver cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
多项研究表明，超加工食品和饮料与癌症风险之间存在正相关关系。然而，关于肝癌的证据仍然有限。我们旨在评估超加工食品和饮料与肝癌风险之间的关联。
我们纳入了来自南方社区队列研究的 73119 名参与者（22431 名白人、47837 名黑人、2851 名其他种族）。超加工产品是根据 Nova 分类法，使用经过验证的食物频率问卷中的数据和按重量计算的每日食物百分比来定义的。肝癌的发病情况和生存状态通过与州癌症登记处和国家死亡索引的链接确定，截至 2019 年 12 月 31 日。
中位随访 13.9 年后，我们记录了 453 例肝癌病例。摄入更多超加工食品的参与者肝癌风险升高（风险比 [HR] 1.69，95%置信区间 [CI]：1.28-2.22；P<0.001）。超加工食品的子类，如超加工谷物和炸薯条（HR 1.29，95% CI：1.01-1.65；P=0.03）、加工蛋白食品（HR 1.49，95% CI：1.14-1.94；P=0.007）和混合菜肴（HR 1.39，95% CI：1.09-1.77；P=0.01）与肝癌风险呈正相关。超加工饮料与肝癌风险无显著关联（HR 0.85，95% CI：0.67-1.07；P=0.16）。
在一项以美国南部低收入成年人为主的前瞻性队列研究中，我们发现某些超加工食品与肝癌风险升高有关。需要进一步的研究来证实我们的发现。
