Borda Miguel German, Barreto George E, Baldera Jonathan Patricio, de Lucia Chiara, Khalifa Khadija, Bergland Anne Katrine, Pola Ilaria, Botero-Rodríguez Felipe, Siow Richard C, Kivipelto Miia, Zetterberg Henrik, Ashton Nicholas J, Ballard Clive, Aarsland Dag
Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), FCS, Universidad Anáhuac México, Huixquilucan Edo. de México, Mexico.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Exp Gerontol. 2024 Oct 15;196:112569. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112569. Epub 2024 Sep 9.
Dementia poses a significant global health challenge. Anthocyanins neutralize free radicals, modulate signaling pathways, inhibit pro-inflammatory genes, and suppress cytokine production and may thus have positive cognitive effects in people at increased risk of dementia. We aim to investigate the effects of purified anthocyanins on cognitive function in people at increased risk of dementia according to their inflammation status based on blood-based inflammatory biomarkers.
This is a secondary analysis of a 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Cluster analysis was performed to categorize two groups based on their individual inflammatory biomarker profile using multiplex sandwich ELISA for the quantitative measurement of cytokines. Descriptive statistics and longitudinal models assessed cognitive outcomes. The primary comparison was the group difference at week 24 based on a modified intention-to-treat analysis.
Cluster analysis revealed two distinct inflammatory biomarker profiles. In Cluster 1 (high levels of inflammation biomarkers), anthocyanin treatment showed a statistically significant improvement on cognitive function compared to placebo at 24 weeks. No significant differences were observed in Cluster 2 (low levels of inflammation biomarkers). The demographic characteristics, cognitive scores, and biomarker distributions were similar between treatment groups at baseline. However, cluster 1 exhibited higher BMI, diabetes prevalence, medication usage, and lower HDL cholesterol levels.
Individuals with elevated levels of inflammation markers benefited from anthocyanin treatment to enhance cognitive performance, whereas those with lower levels did not. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of anthocyanins make them a promising intervention, and future prospective trials in people with increased inflammation are warranted.
痴呆症是一项重大的全球健康挑战。花青素可中和自由基、调节信号通路、抑制促炎基因并抑制细胞因子产生，因此可能对患痴呆症风险增加的人群产生积极的认知影响。我们旨在根据基于血液炎症生物标志物的炎症状态，研究纯化花青素对患痴呆症风险增加人群认知功能的影响。
这是一项对为期24周的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验的二次分析。使用多重夹心ELISA对细胞因子进行定量测量，通过聚类分析根据个体炎症生物标志物谱将两组进行分类。描述性统计和纵向模型评估认知结果。主要比较基于改良意向性分析得出的第24周时的组间差异。
聚类分析揭示了两种不同的炎症生物标志物谱。在第1组（炎症生物标志物水平高）中，与安慰剂相比，花青素治疗在24周时对认知功能有统计学上的显著改善。在第2组（炎症生物标志物水平低）中未观察到显著差异。治疗组在基线时的人口统计学特征、认知分数和生物标志物分布相似。然而，第1组的体重指数、糖尿病患病率、药物使用量较高，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较低。
炎症标志物水平升高的个体从花青素治疗中受益，认知表现得到增强，而炎症标志物水平较低的个体则不然。花青素的抗炎和抗氧化特性使其成为一种有前景的干预措施，未来有必要对炎症增加的人群进行前瞻性试验。
