Roy Avik K, Adhikary Mrinmoy, Bandyopadhyay Prithwish, Ghosh Ritu, Das Dilip K
Department of Community Medicine, Murshidabad Medical College, Berhampore, West Bengal, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Aug;13(8):2946-2951. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1805_23. Epub 2024 Jul 26.
Tuberculosis (TB) and malnutrition are epidemiologically interrelated two major public health problems in India. Food security also influences nutritional status. This aspect needs evaluation in diverse geographical areas. This study aimed to assess the level of food security, nutritional status and correlates among adult TB patients in a block of Murshidabad, West Bengal.
This cross-sectional study was undertaken in the Nabagram block of Murshidabad district during April-July 2023. All adult (≥18 years) patients registered under the Tuberculosis Unit of the block during a reference period of 6 months (October 2022-March 2023) were considered study subjects. Eighty such eligible participants recruited randomly were interviewed with a pre-designed schedule for socio-demographic and programmatic characteristics. Household food security was measured using a validated U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and nutritional status was determined based on body mass index. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was used for analysis.
Among 80 TB patients, 51% were underweight and 20% were severely underweight. The majority (90%) of them had high or marginal food security, and 10% had low or very low food security. On multivariable logistic regression, Hindu religion (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 6.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.12-29.39), presence of any chronic morbidity (AOR: 11.61, 95%CI: 2.71-49.78) and receipt of dietary counselling by a health worker (AOR: 7.25, 95%CI: 1.22-43.13) appeared as predictors of underweight.
Underweight among TB patients is quite prevalent in the area, and few programmatic interventions are influencing factors. This underscores the importance of nutritional counselling services and the universal provision of Poshan benefits.
结核病（TB）和营养不良是印度两个在流行病学上相互关联的主要公共卫生问题。粮食安全也会影响营养状况。这方面需要在不同地理区域进行评估。本研究旨在评估西孟加拉邦穆尔希达巴德一个街区成年结核病患者的粮食安全水平、营养状况及其相关因素。
本横断面研究于2023年4月至7月在穆尔希达巴德区的纳巴格拉姆街区进行。在6个月的参考期（2022年10月至2023年3月）内，该街区结核病防治单位登记的所有成年（≥18岁）患者均被视为研究对象。随机招募80名符合条件的参与者，按照预先设计的问卷进行社会人口学和项目特征访谈。采用经过验证的美国家庭粮食安全调查模块来衡量家庭粮食安全。进行人体测量，并根据体重指数确定营养状况。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）26版进行分析。
在80名结核病患者中，51%体重过轻，20%严重体重过轻。其中大多数（90%）的粮食安全状况为高或边缘水平，10%的粮食安全状况为低或极低水平。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，印度教（调整优势比（AOR）：6.74，95%置信区间（CI）：2.12 - 29.39）、存在任何慢性疾病（AOR：11.61，95%CI：2.71 - 49.78）以及接受卫生工作者的饮食咨询（AOR：7.25，95%CI：1.22 - 43.13）是体重过轻的预测因素。
该地区结核病患者体重过轻的情况相当普遍，少数项目干预措施是影响因素。这凸显了营养咨询服务以及普遍提供“营养改善行动计划”福利的重要性。
