Lymphocyte subsets for predicting inflammatory bowel disease progression and treatment response: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND

Lymphocytes play a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and are widely explored as promising prognostic indicators. We aimed to outline the existing evidences on the capability of lymphocyte subpopulations to predict disease progression and treatment response in patients with IBD.

METHODS

The protocol for this review was registered in PROSPERO (registration ID: CRD 42022364126). Systematic retrieval was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Original articles on the prognostic value of lymphocyte subsets in IBD published up to April 8, 2023 were eligible for inclusion. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the risk of bias.

RESULTS

Twenty studies were ultimately included: eight evaluated the prediction of disease progression and 12 focused on the prediction of treatment response. According to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, three studies were of high quality, 16 were of moderate quality, and only one was of low quality. T-cell subpopulations, including CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, and γδ T cells, are revealed to have prognostic capacity. Transmembrane tumor necrosis factor α-bearing lymphocytes, CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, and Plasma cells are found to have the potential to predict the response to anti-TNFα agents. In contrast memory T cells, CD4 T cells, and naïve B cells may predict the response to vedolizumab.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review identified several potential lymphocyte subset-related predictors. If verified in large cohort prospective studies, these findings could aid clinical decision-making.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022364126.