Yagi Noriyoshi, Fujita Satoshi, Nakamura Masayoshi
Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546 CNRS/Université Toulouse 3, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320, Auzeville Tolosane, France.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2024 Dec;82:102624. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102624. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
Plant cell cortical microtubules are located beneath the plasma membrane and direct the location of cellulose synthases during interphase, influencing cell morphology. Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) regulate these microtubules in response to growth and environmental stimuli. This review focuses on recent advances in understanding microtubule nucleation mechanisms in plants and the spatiotemporal regulation of cortical arrays via phytohormone signaling. Emphasis is placed on the conserved nature of the gamma-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC) and plant-specific components. The discussion includes the role of the Augmin complex and the distinct function of the Msd1-Wdr8 complex in plants. We also explore the effects of hormone signaling, particularly brassinosteroids, on the microtubule regulatory apparatus. The interplay between hormone signaling pathways and microtubule dynamics, including phosphorylation events and post-translational modifications, is also addressed. Finally, the impact of environmental signals and the role of protein post-translational modifications in regulating microtubule organization are suggested for future research.
植物细胞皮层微管位于质膜下方，在细胞间期指导纤维素合酶的定位，影响细胞形态。微管相关蛋白（MAPs）响应生长和环境刺激来调节这些微管。本综述重点关注植物中微管成核机制以及通过植物激素信号传导对皮层微管阵列进行时空调节的最新进展。重点在于γ-微管蛋白环复合物（γTuRC）的保守性质和植物特有的组分。讨论内容包括Augmin复合物的作用以及植物中Msd1-Wdr8复合物的独特功能。我们还探讨了激素信号传导，特别是油菜素内酯，对微管调节装置的影响。激素信号通路与微管动力学之间的相互作用，包括磷酸化事件和翻译后修饰，也在文中进行了阐述。最后，提出了环境信号的影响以及蛋白质翻译后修饰在调节微管组织中的作用，以供未来研究参考。
