Achkar Katafan A, Abdelnour Lama M, Abu Jawdeh Bassam G, Tantisattamoa Ekamol, Al Ammary Fawaz
Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX.
Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Adv Kidney Dis Health. 2024 Sep;31(5):400-407. doi: 10.1053/j.akdh.2024.04.003.
The evaluation of living kidney donor candidates is a complex and lengthy process. Donor candidates face geographic and socioeconomic barriers to completing donor evaluation. Inequities in access to living donations persist. With a growing demand for kidney transplants and a shortage of living donors, transplant centers are more permissive of accepting less-than-ideal donor candidates. Donors have an increased lifetime risk of kidney failure, but the absolute risk increase is small. Efforts are needed to support donor candidates to complete donor nephrectomy safely and efficiently and receive optimal follow-up care to prevent risk factors for kidney disease and detect complications early. In this article, the authors address key elements of donor kidney evaluation, including current living donation policy requirements and transplant center practices. The authors present a simplified comprehensive practical approach to help guide providers in completing donor evaluation and follow-up care with best outcomes possible.
对活体肾供体候选人的评估是一个复杂且漫长的过程。供体候选人在完成供体评估方面面临地理和社会经济障碍。活体捐赠获取方面的不平等现象依然存在。随着肾移植需求的不断增加以及活体供体的短缺，移植中心对接受不太理想的供体候选人更为宽容。供体患肾衰竭的终生风险有所增加，但绝对风险增加幅度较小。需要做出努力来支持供体候选人安全、高效地完成供肾切除术，并接受最佳的后续护理，以预防肾病风险因素并尽早发现并发症。在本文中，作者阐述了供肾评估的关键要素，包括当前的活体捐赠政策要求和移植中心的做法。作者提出了一种简化的综合实用方法，以帮助指导医疗服务提供者完成供体评估和后续护理，从而尽可能取得最佳结果。
