Dottor Alberto, Battista Simone, Job Mirko, Sansone Lucia Grazia, Testa Marco
Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
School of Health & Society, Centre for Human Movement and Rehabilitation, University of Salford, Greater Manchester, UK.
J Hand Ther. 2025 Jan-Mar;38(1):129-142. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2024.06.001. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
Pulp pinch (PP) is a vital hand movement involving muscle strength and sensory integration. Previous research has primarily focused on Maximal Voluntary Contraction, but PP encompasses broader parameters.
This study aims to establish normative data for a comprehensive evaluation of thumb and index force control during PP, including endurance, precision, accuracy in unilateral PP, and force coordination in bilateral PP.
A cross-sectional study.
Three hundred and twenty eight healthy Italian cis-gender participants (169 females, 159 males) were enrolled in a multiparametric force control evaluation of pinch grip, consisting in: sustained contraction (SC: ability to maintain a stable contraction at 40% MVC, measured as the time until exhaustion), dynamic contraction (DC: the ability to modulate precisely and accurately force output to follow a dynamic force trace), bimanual strength coordination (BSC: the ability to coordinate in-phase bimanual forces at different combined magnitudes) tasks. The sample was divided per sex and stratified in five age groups taking into account hand dominance. Differences in tasks' results between age, sex and hand-dominance were analysed.
Endurance (SC) was similar between younger and older adults (η =0.047 (Females) and η < 0.007 (Males)). Older adults exhibited lower precision (DC) and coordination (BSC) compared to young adults in both sexes (η >0.16). Females demonstrated greater endurance (SC) but lower precision and coordination (BSC) compared to males (0.01 <η <0.1). No hand dominance effect emerged in SC and DC.
Force accuracy and precision to modulate pinch force to perform a visual feedback force-matching task (DC) and force coordination between hands (BSC) worsen at increasing age. Hand dominance did not influence either endurance or precision of pinch grip in visual-feedback guided task.
捏 pulp（PP）是一种重要的手部动作，涉及肌肉力量和感觉整合。以往的研究主要集中在最大自主收缩，但 PP 包含更广泛的参数。
本研究旨在建立规范性数据，以全面评估 PP 过程中拇指和示指的力控制，包括耐力、精度、单侧 PP 的准确性以及双侧 PP 的力协调。
横断面研究。
招募了 328 名健康的意大利顺性别参与者（169 名女性，159 名男性），进行捏握的多参数力控制评估，包括：持续收缩（SC：在 40%最大自主收缩（MVC）下保持稳定收缩的能力，以疲劳时间衡量）、动态收缩（DC：精确且准确地调节力输出以跟随动态力轨迹的能力）、双手力量协调（BSC：在不同组合幅度下协调同相双手力量的能力）任务。样本按性别划分，并根据手的优势程度分为五个年龄组。分析了年龄、性别和手优势在任务结果上的差异。
年轻人和老年人之间的耐力（SC）相似（女性 η =0.047，男性 η <0.007）。在两性中，老年人的精度（DC）和协调性（BSC）均低于年轻人（η >0.16）。与男性相比，女性表现出更强的耐力（SC），但精度和协调性（BSC）较低（0.01 <η <0.1）。在 SC 和 DC 中未出现手优势效应。
随着年龄增长，调节捏力以执行视觉反馈力匹配任务（DC）的力准确性和精度以及双手之间的力协调（BSC）会变差。在视觉反馈引导任务中，手优势对捏握的耐力或精度均无影响。
