Bao Jiamin, Lei Ting, Zhu Chun, Zang Yinyin
School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Appetite. 2024 Dec 1;203:107657. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107657. Epub 2024 Sep 2.
The manifestations of emotional eating are complicated, encompassing both over- and under-eating. However, little is understood about how emotional over- and under-eating constitute individuals' eating patterns and how these patterns change over time. Employing latent transition analysis, a longitudinal and person-centered approach, this study examined the patterns and stability of emotional eating. Over six months, 755 participants completed two waves of self-reported questionnaires. Results revealed four distinct latent profiles: Low Emotional Eaters (11.5-15.8%), Emotional Eating-Undereaters (31.1-40.5%), Emotional Eating-Overeaters (15.9-18.3%), and Combined-Emotional Eaters (29.7-37.2%). Approximately 50% of participants in each profile maintained their behavioral patterns over time, with transitions often shifting towards Combined-Emotional Eaters. Individuals in the profile of Emotional Eating-Overeaters exhibited the highest level of anxiety, depression, stress, and disordered eating. Gender, self-esteem level, and self-esteem instability were associated with profile membership and transition probabilities. These findings highlight the presence of distinct and relatively unstable patterns of negative emotional eating, indicating the potential distinction between trait and state emotional eating. Recognizing these inherent characteristics is crucial for future studies and intervention programs addressing negative emotional eating.
情绪化进食的表现很复杂，包括过度进食和进食不足。然而，对于情绪化的过度进食和进食不足如何构成个体的饮食模式，以及这些模式如何随时间变化，人们了解得很少。本研究采用潜在转变分析这一纵向且以个体为中心的方法，考察了情绪化进食的模式及其稳定性。在六个月的时间里，755名参与者完成了两轮自我报告问卷。结果揭示了四种不同的潜在类型：低情绪化进食者（11.5 - 15.8%）、情绪化进食 - 进食不足者（31.1 - 40.5%）、情绪化进食 - 过度进食者（15.9 - 18.3%）以及综合情绪化进食者（29.7 - 37.2%）。随着时间的推移，每个类型中约50%的参与者保持了他们的行为模式，转变通常朝着综合情绪化进食者的方向。情绪化进食 - 过度进食者类型中的个体表现出最高水平的焦虑、抑郁、压力和饮食失调。性别、自尊水平和自尊不稳定性与类型归属及转变概率相关。这些发现凸显了负面情绪化进食存在不同且相对不稳定的模式，表明特质性和状态性情绪化进食之间可能存在区别。认识到这些内在特征对于未来针对负面情绪化进食的研究和干预项目至关重要。
