College of Desert Control Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
College of Grassland, Resource and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2024 Jul 18;35(7):1907-1914. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202407.023.
Real-time assessment of ecological environment quality in arid and semi-arid regions is crucial for the sustainable development of ecological environments in China. In this study, we constructed a topsoil remote sensing ecological index (TRSEI) by coupling five indicators, greenness, wetness, dryness, topsoil grain size, and heat, with the Google Earth Engine (GEE). With the index, we evaluated the ecological environment quality of Wuchuan County from 1990 to 2020, and examined the spatio-temporal variations of ecological environment quality and its driving factors by using univariate linear regression, multiple regression residual analysis, and Hurst index. Results showed that the first principal component of the TRSEI in the study area contributed over 70%, with a mean eigenvalue of 0.148, indicating the effective integration of various ecological indicators by TRSEI. The topsoil grain size index was essential for the assessment of ecological environment quality in arid and semi-arid regions. From 1990 to 2020, the fluctuation range of TRSEI in the study area was between 0.289 and 0.458, showing an overall slight deterioration trend. The ecological environment quality of cropland and de-farming region had improved, with the improved area accounting for 47.9% of the total area. The grassland, barren land, and construction land areas had deteriorated, with the deteriorated area accounting for 52.1% of the total area. In the future, 36.9% of the regions would experience continuous improvement in ecological environment quality, while 41.4% might continue to dete-riorate. Human activities were the primary driving factor for the changes in ecological environment quality in arid and semi-arid regions, accounting for 88.6% of the total area. Climate change also had a significant impact, accounting for 11.4% of the total area. The TRSEI could effectively assess the ecological environment quality of arid and semi-arid regions, providing a scientific basis for ecological conservation and construction in these areas.
实时评估干旱半干旱地区的生态环境质量对于中国生态环境的可持续发展至关重要。本研究通过耦合绿度、湿度、干度、表土粒径和热五个指标，在 Google Earth Engine（GEE）上构建了一个表层遥感生态指数（TRSEI）。利用该指数，评估了 1990 年至 2020 年武川县的生态环境质量，并通过一元线性回归、多元回归残差分析和赫斯特指数，检验了生态环境质量的时空变化及其驱动因素。结果表明，研究区 TRSEI 的第一主成分贡献超过 70%，平均特征值为 0.148，表明 TRSEI 有效地整合了各种生态指标。表土粒径指数对干旱半干旱地区生态环境质量评估至关重要。1990 年至 2020 年，研究区 TRSEI 的波动范围在 0.289 至 0.458 之间，整体呈轻微恶化趋势。耕地和退耕地的生态环境质量有所改善，改善面积占总面积的 47.9%。草地、荒地和建设用地的生态环境质量有所恶化，恶化面积占总面积的 52.1%。未来，36.9%的地区将继续改善生态环境质量，而 41.4%的地区可能继续恶化。人类活动是干旱半干旱地区生态环境质量变化的主要驱动因素，占总面积的 88.6%。气候变化也有显著影响，占总面积的 11.4%。TRSEI 可以有效地评估干旱半干旱地区的生态环境质量，为这些地区的生态保护和建设提供科学依据。
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