Wang Jie, Ma Jia-Li, Xie Fei-Fei, Xu Xi-Jie
School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2020 Nov;31(11):3795-3804. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.011.
The arid area is mainly composed of desert, with fragile eco-environment and being extremely vulnerable to the influence of natural and human perturbations. Based on the remote sen-sing ecological index (RSEI), the arid remote sensing ecological index (ARSEI) was formed to improve the remote sensing ecological index for arid area, which was coupled with the information of greenness, humidity, salinity, heat and land degradation to quantitatively evaluate the eco-environment quality. We used ARSEI and RSEI to dynamically monitor and evaluate the eco-environment quality of Ulan Buh Desert from 2000 to 2019, and analyzed their differences and their applicability in arid area. We further examined the characteristics and reasons of the temporal and spatial variations of the eco-environment quality of Ulan Buh Desert. The results showed that the ARSEI index had better applicability to the eco-environment quality in arid area than the RSEI, and it enhanced the role of land use changes in the ecological environment quality assessment. From 2000 to 2019, the overall eco-environmental quality of Ulan Buh Desert was worse. The parts under better, good, and medium grades were mainly distributed in the northern region, the parts with worse grades were mainly concentrated in the gobi and sandy land, and the poor ones were mainly located in area with low coverage vegetation. From 2000 to 2019, the overall quality of the eco-environment in the Ulan Buh Desert were becoming better. Meanwhile, the eco-environment quality of towns and farms in the northern part of the desert changed complexly, with deterioration and improvement alternately distributed. The main reason for the changes in the eco-environment of Ulan Buh Desert was the positive effects of ecological agriculture and sand industry.
干旱地区主要由沙漠组成，生态环境脆弱，极易受到自然和人为扰动的影响。基于遥感生态指数（RSEI），构建了干旱遥感生态指数（ARSEI），以改进干旱地区的遥感生态指数，该指数耦合了绿度、湿度、盐分、热度和土地退化信息，用于定量评估生态环境质量。我们利用ARSEI和RSEI对2000—2019年乌兰布和沙漠的生态环境质量进行动态监测与评价，并分析它们在干旱地区的差异及其适用性。我们进一步研究了乌兰布和沙漠生态环境质量的时空变化特征及原因。结果表明，ARSEI指数在干旱地区生态环境质量评价中的适用性优于RSEI，增强了土地利用变化在生态环境质量评价中的作用。2000—2019年，乌兰布和沙漠的整体生态环境质量较差。较好、良好和中等等级的区域主要分布在北部地区，较差等级的区域主要集中在戈壁和沙地，差等级的区域主要位于植被覆盖度低的地区。2000—2019年，乌兰布和沙漠的生态环境整体质量趋于好转。同时，沙漠北部城镇和农场的生态环境质量变化复杂，恶化与改善交替分布。乌兰布和沙漠生态环境变化的主要原因是生态农业和沙产业的积极作用。
