Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Cell Biochem Funct. 2024 Sep;42(7):e4116. doi: 10.1002/cbf.4116.
Apelin, a bioactive peptide that serves as an endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APJ), is overexpressed in various types of cancers and contributes to cancer cell proliferation, viability, migration, angiogenesis, and metastasis, as well as immune deviation. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate gene expression, and there is growing evidence suggesting a bidirectional crosstalk between ncRNAs (including long noncoding RNAs [lncRNAs], circular RNAs [circRNAs], and microRNAs [miRNAs]) and apelin in cancers. Certain miRNAs can directly target the apelin and inhibit its expression, thereby suppressing tumor growth. It has been indicated that miR-224, miR-195/miR-195-5p, miR-204-5p, miR-631, miR-4286, miR-637, miR-4493, and miR-214-3p target apelin mRNA and influence its expression in prostate cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, chondrosarcoma, melanoma, gastric cancer, glioma, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), respectively. Moreover, circ-NOTCH1, circ-ZNF264, and lncRNA BACE1-AS upregulate apelin expression in gastric cancer, glioma, and HCC, respectively. On the other hand, apelin has been shown to regulate the expression of certain ncRNAs to affect tumorigenesis. It was revealed that apelin affects the expression of circ_0000004/miR-1303, miR-15a-5p, and miR-106a-5p in osteosarcoma, lung cancer, and prostate cancer, respectively. This review explains a bidirectional interplay between ncRNAs and apelin in cancers to provide insights concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying this crosstalk and potential implications for cancer therapy.
Apelin 是一种生物活性肽,作为 Apelin 受体 (APJ) 的内源性配体,在各种类型的癌症中过度表达,并促进癌细胞增殖、活力、迁移、血管生成和转移以及免疫偏离。非编码 RNA(ncRNA)调节基因表达,越来越多的证据表明 ncRNA(包括长非编码 RNA [lncRNA]、环状 RNA [circRNA] 和 microRNA [miRNA])与癌症中的 Apelin 之间存在双向串扰。某些 miRNA 可以直接靶向 Apelin 并抑制其表达,从而抑制肿瘤生长。已经表明 miR-224、miR-195/miR-195-5p、miR-204-5p、miR-631、miR-4286、miR-637、miR-4493 和 miR-214-3p 分别靶向 Apelin mRNA 并影响其在前列腺癌、肺癌、食管癌、软骨肉瘤、黑色素瘤、胃癌、神经胶质瘤和肝癌 (HCC) 中的表达。此外,circ-NOTCH1、circ-ZNF264 和 lncRNA BACE1-AS 分别上调胃癌、神经胶质瘤和 HCC 中的 Apelin 表达。另一方面,Apelin 被证明可以调节某些 ncRNA 的表达,从而影响肿瘤发生。已经表明 Apelin 影响 circ_0000004/miR-1303、miR-15a-5p 和 miR-106a-5p 在骨肉瘤、肺癌和前列腺癌中的表达。这篇综述解释了 ncRNA 和 Apelin 在癌症中的双向相互作用,为了解这种串扰的分子机制以及对癌症治疗的潜在影响提供了思路。
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