Department of Histopathology Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Pathology Shifa College of Dentistry Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Int J Surg Oncol. 2024 Aug 28;2024:9725822. doi: 10.1155/2024/9725822. eCollection 2024.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent type of head and neck cancer and is associated with high mortality, particularly in Southeast Asian countries. Areca nut usage, smoking, and alcohol consumption are the most common risk factors for OSCC. Areca nut chewing is highly prevalent in Pakistan and has been attributed to an increase in OSCC cases. This study aimed to determine the association between areca nut usage and various clinicopathological features of OSCC and further evaluate the association of clinicopathological parameters of OSCC with tumor recurrence.
The study was conducted using the data of 228 patients with OSCC resected at Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, over 5 years between 2018 and 2022. Clinicopathological data were collected from hospital archives, and associations between various risk factors and clinicopathological parameters were determined.
Males were more commonly affected (77.2%), and the most common age group was <50 years (54.4%). Areca nut usage was reported in 59.6% of cases, and the buccal mucosa was the most common site (62.7%). Areca nut usage was significantly associated with male gender, greater tumor size, greater depth of invasion (DOI), higher tumor stage, nodal stage, presence of perineural invasion (PNI), and recurrence. In addition, multivariate analysis revealed that OSCC recurrence was significantly associated with older age, larger tumor size and DOI, nodal metastasis, and areca nut usage.
Areca nut-related OSCCs were associated with poor prognosis and recurrence in our study population. Furthermore, OSCC recurrence was associated with various clinicopathological parameters, such as larger tumor size, a higher DOI, and nodal metastasis.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是最常见的头颈部癌症类型，死亡率很高，尤其是在东南亚国家。槟榔的使用、吸烟和饮酒是 OSCC 的最常见危险因素。槟榔咀嚼在巴基斯坦非常普遍，并且已经导致 OSCC 病例增加。本研究旨在确定槟榔使用与 OSCC 的各种临床病理特征之间的关联，并进一步评估 OSCC 的临床病理参数与肿瘤复发之间的关联。
本研究使用了 2018 年至 2022 年间在巴基斯坦卡拉奇利亚卡特国家医院切除的 228 例 OSCC 患者的数据。从医院档案中收集临床病理数据，并确定各种危险因素与临床病理参数之间的关联。
男性受影响更为常见（77.2%），最常见的年龄组为<50 岁（54.4%）。报告了 59.6%的病例中有槟榔使用，颊黏膜是最常见的部位（62.7%）。槟榔使用与男性性别、更大的肿瘤大小、更深的侵袭深度（DOI）、更高的肿瘤分期、淋巴结分期、存在神经周围侵犯（PNI）和复发显著相关。此外，多变量分析显示，OSCC 复发与年龄较大、肿瘤更大和 DOI、淋巴结转移以及槟榔使用显著相关。
在我们的研究人群中，与槟榔相关的 OSCC 与不良预后和复发相关。此外，OSCC 复发与各种临床病理参数相关，如肿瘤更大、DOI 更高和淋巴结转移。
