Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Aug 19;14:1401448. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1401448. eCollection 2024.
The lungs, as vital organs in the human body, continuously engage in gas exchange with the external environment. The lung microbiota, a critical component in maintaining internal homeostasis, significantly influences the onset and progression of diseases. Beneficial interactions between the host and its microbial community are essential for preserving the host's health, whereas disease development is often linked to dysbiosis or alterations in the microbial community. Evidence has demonstrated that changes in lung microbiota contribute to the development of major chronic lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), asthma, and lung cancer. However, in-depth mechanistic studies are constrained by the small scale of the lung microbiota and its susceptibility to environmental pollutants and other factors, leaving many questions unanswered. This review examines recent research on the lung microbiota and lung diseases, as well as methodological advancements in studying lung microbiota, summarizing the ways in which lung microbiota impacts lung diseases and introducing research methods for investigating lung microbiota.
肺部作为人体的重要器官，与外界环境持续进行着气体交换。肺部微生物群作为维持内部平衡的关键组成部分，对疾病的发生和发展有着重要影响。宿主与其微生物群落之间的有益相互作用对于维持宿主健康至关重要，而疾病的发展通常与微生态失调或微生物群落的改变有关。有证据表明，肺部微生物群的变化会导致主要慢性肺部疾病的发展，包括慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、特发性肺纤维化（IPF）、哮喘和肺癌。然而，由于肺部微生物群的规模较小，容易受到环境污染物和其他因素的影响，因此深入的机制研究受到限制，仍有许多问题尚未得到解答。本综述考察了肺部微生物群与肺部疾病的最新研究，以及研究肺部微生物群的方法学进展，总结了肺部微生物群对肺部疾病的影响方式，并介绍了研究肺部微生物群的方法。
