School of Health Management and Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road No. 13, Qiaokou District, Wuhan 430030, China.
School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100000, China.
J Affect Disord. 2024 Dec 15;367:350-358. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.010. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
With the growing attention paid to problematic internet use (PIU), this study aims to i) explore the prevalence of PIU based on a nationally representative sample and ii) propose and validate the theoretical model that correlates family climate with PIU.
One national cross-sectional study was conducted with probability sampling and stratified sampling. Overall, 21,854 sample were included and analyzed. Validated measures of family climate, loneliness, and PIU was distributed and collected from June 2022 to August 2022.
The overall prevalence of PIU in the sample population is approximately 30.86 %. The model findings showed that family communication and family health had indirect effects of -0.12 and - 0.05 on PIU by the mediating effects of loneliness. The indirect effect explained 80.0 % of the total effect of family communication on PIU and 38.5 % of family health on PIU, highlighting the dominance effects of path family communication and PIU via loneliness. Extended family type (-0.047, p = 0.050), low family income (income≤3000 group, -0.127, p < 0.001) were identified as protective factors against PIU, while not living with family members (0.034, p = 0.021) was identified as risk factors of PIU.
The nature of cross-sectional data have the limitation of preventing examining the casual relationships of PIU and the loneliness and family climate, in which future longitudinal study design is needed.
The high prevalence of PIU should be given adequate attention. Optimizing the family climate or family atmosphere by improving positive communication skills, providing family support and family health external resources can be served as effective strategies for controlling PIU.
随着对网络问题使用（PIU）的关注度不断提高，本研究旨在：i）基于全国代表性样本探索 PIU 的流行程度；ii）提出并验证与 PIU 相关的家庭氛围的理论模型。
采用概率抽样和分层抽样进行了一项全国性横断面研究。总共纳入并分析了 21854 个样本。从 2022 年 6 月至 2022 年 8 月，分发和收集了经过验证的家庭氛围、孤独感和 PIU 度量标准。
样本人群中 PIU 的总体患病率约为 30.86%。模型结果表明，家庭沟通和家庭健康通过孤独感的中介作用对 PIU 产生间接影响，分别为-0.12 和-0.05。间接效应解释了家庭沟通对 PIU 的总效应的 80.0%和家庭健康对 PIU 的总效应的 38.5%，突显了家庭沟通和通过孤独感影响 PIU 的路径的主导效应。大家庭类型（-0.047，p=0.050）、低家庭收入（收入≤3000 组，-0.127，p<0.001）被确定为预防 PIU 的保护因素，而不与家庭成员同住（0.034，p=0.021）被确定为 PIU 的风险因素。
横断面数据的性质限制了对 PIU 及其孤独感和家庭氛围的因果关系的检查，需要进行未来的纵向研究设计。
PIU 的高患病率应引起足够重视。通过提高积极沟通技巧、提供家庭支持和家庭健康外部资源来优化家庭氛围，可以作为控制 PIU 的有效策略。
