Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna "Kore", 94100, Enna, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 5;14(1):20770. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72024-8.
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents an aggressive brain tumor, characterized by intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity and therapy resistance, leading to unfavourable prognosis. An increasing number of studies pays attention on the regulation of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, as a strategy to reverse drug resistance in cancer. However, the debate on whether this strategy may have important implications for the treatment of GBM is still ongoing. In the present study, we used ferric ammonium citrate and erastin to evaluate ferroptosis induction effects on two human GBM cell lines, U-251 MG, with proneural characteristics, and T98-G, with a mesenchymal profile. The response to ferroptosis induction was markedly different between cell lines, indeed T98-G cells showed an enhanced antioxidant defence, with increased glutathione levels, as compared to U-251 MG cells. Moreover, using bioinformatic approaches and analysing publicly available datasets from patients' biopsies, we found that GBM with a mesenchymal phenotype showed an up-regulation of several genes involved in antioxidant mechanisms as compared to proneural subtype. Thus, our results suggest that GBM subtypes differently respond to ferroptosis induction, emphasizing the significance of further molecular studies on GBM to better discriminate between various tumor subtypes and progressively move towards personalized therapy.
胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是一种侵袭性脑肿瘤,其特征为内在和内在异质性以及治疗耐药性,导致预后不良。越来越多的研究关注铁依赖性细胞死亡的调控,即铁死亡,作为逆转癌症耐药性的一种策略。然而,关于这一策略是否可能对 GBM 的治疗有重要影响的争论仍在继续。在本研究中,我们使用柠檬酸铁铵和 erastin 来评估两种人类 GBM 细胞系,即具有神经前体特征的 U-251 MG 和具有间质特征的 T98-G,对铁死亡诱导的影响。细胞系之间对铁死亡诱导的反应明显不同,事实上,与 U-251 MG 细胞相比,T98-G 细胞表现出增强的抗氧化防御,谷胱甘肽水平增加。此外,我们通过生物信息学方法和分析来自患者活检的公开数据集,发现与神经前体亚型相比,具有间质表型的 GBM 中涉及抗氧化机制的几个基因上调。因此,我们的结果表明,GBM 亚型对铁死亡诱导的反应不同,强调了对 GBM 进行进一步分子研究的重要性,以便更好地区分各种肿瘤亚型,并逐步转向个体化治疗。
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