Garcia Monique, Guo Zheng, Zheng Yulu, Wu Zhiyuan, Visser Ethan, Balmer Lois, Wang Wei
Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027 Australia.
School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027 Australia.
EPMA J. 2024 Jul 31;15(3):453-469. doi: 10.1007/s13167-024-00370-8. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Suboptimal Health Status (SHS) is the physical state between health and disease. This study aimed to fill in the knowledge gap by investigating the prevalence of SHS and psychological symptoms among unpaid carers and to identify SHS-risk factors from the perspective of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine (PPPM).
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 368 participants who were enrolled from Australia, including 203 unpaid carers as cases and 165 individuals from the general population as controls. SHS scores were measured using SHSQ-25 (Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire-25), whilst psychological symptoms were measured by DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21). Chi-square was used to measure SHS and psychological symptom prevalence. Spearman correlation analysis was utilised to identify the relationship between SHSQ-25 and DASS-21 scores. Logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis.
The prevalence of SHS in carers was 43.0% (98/203), significantly higher than the prevalence 12.7% (21/165) in the general population ( < 0.001). In addition, suboptimal health prevalence was higher in female carers (50.3%; 95/189) than females in the general population (12.4%; 18/145). Logistic regression showed that the caregiving role influenced SHS, with carers 6.4 times more likely to suffer from SHS than their non-caring counterparts (aOR = 6.400, 95% CI = 3.751-10.919).
Unpaid carers in Australia have a significantly higher prevalence of SHS than that in the general population and experience poorer health. The SHSQ-25 is a powerful tool that can be utilised to screen at-risk individuals to predict their risk of chronic disease development, an essential pillar for shifting the paradigm change from reactive medicine to that of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine (PPPM).
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-024-00370-8.
健康状况欠佳（SHS）是健康与疾病之间的身体状态。本研究旨在通过调查无偿照料者中SHS的患病率和心理症状来填补知识空白，并从预测、预防和个性化医学（PPPM）的角度确定SHS的风险因素。
对从澳大利亚招募的368名参与者进行了一项横断面研究，其中包括203名无偿照料者作为病例组，165名普通人群个体作为对照组。使用SHSQ - 25（健康状况欠佳问卷 - 25）测量SHS得分，同时用DASS - 21（抑郁、焦虑和压力量表 - 21）测量心理症状。采用卡方检验来衡量SHS和心理症状的患病率。利用Spearman相关性分析来确定SHSQ - 25与DASS - 21得分之间的关系。使用逻辑回归分析进行多变量分析。
照料者中SHS的患病率为43.0%（98/203），显著高于普通人群中的患病率12.7%（21/165）（<0.001）。此外，女性照料者中健康状况欠佳的患病率（50.3%；95/189）高于普通人群中的女性（12.4%；18/145）。逻辑回归显示，照料角色会影响SHS，照料者患SHS的可能性是非照料者的6.4倍（调整后比值比 = 6.400，95%置信区间 = 3.751 - 10.919）。
澳大利亚的无偿照料者SHS患病率显著高于普通人群，且健康状况较差。SHSQ - 25是一种强大的工具，可用于筛查高危个体以预测其患慢性病的风险，这是将医学模式从反应性医学转变为预测、预防和个性化医学（PPPM）的重要支柱。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13167 - 024 - 00370 - 8获取的补充材料。
