Hufnagel Matthias, Rademaekers André, Weisert Anika, Häberlein Hanns, Franken Sebastian
Engelhard Arzneimittel GmbH & Co. KG, Niederdorfelden, Germany.
Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Front Pharmacol. 2024 Aug 22;15:1371613. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1371613. eCollection 2024.
Dicaffeoylquinic acids (DCQAs) are polyphenolic compounds found in various medicinal plants such as and whose multi-constituent extracts are used worldwide to treat respiratory diseases. Besides triterpenes, saponins, alkamides, and other constituents, DCQAs are an important group of substances for the pharmacological activity of plant-derived extracts. Therefore, the pharmacological properties of DCQAs have been studied over the last decades, suggesting antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hypoglycaemic, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. However, the beneficial pharmacological profile of DCQAs has not yet been linked to their use in treating respiratory diseases such as acute or even chronic bronchitis. The aim of this review was to assess the potential of DCQAs for respiratory indications based on published and pharmacological and pre-clinical data, with particular focus on antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and respiratory-related effects such as antitussive or antispasmodic properties. A respective literature search revealed a large number of publications on the six DCQA isoforms. Based on this search, a focus was placed on 1,3-, 3,4-, 3,5-, and 4,5-DCQA, as the publications focused mainly on these isomers. Based on the available pre-clinical data, DCQAs trigger cellular mechanisms that are important in the treatment of respiratory diseases such as decreasing NF-κB activation, reducing oxidative stress, or activating the Nrf2 pathway. Taken together, these data suggest an essential role for DCQAs within herbal medicines used for the treatment of respiratory diseases and highlights the need for the identifications of DCQAs as lead substances within such extracts.
二咖啡酰奎宁酸（DCQAs）是存在于多种药用植物中的多酚类化合物，如[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]，其多成分提取物在全球范围内用于治疗呼吸道疾病。除了三萜类、皂苷类、酰胺类和其他成分外，DCQAs是植物提取物药理活性的重要物质组。因此，在过去几十年中对DCQAs的药理特性进行了研究，表明其具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、降血糖、心血管保护、神经保护和肝脏保护作用。然而，DCQAs有益的药理特性尚未与它们在治疗急性甚至慢性支气管炎等呼吸道疾病中的应用联系起来。本综述的目的是根据已发表的药理和临床前数据评估DCQAs用于呼吸道适应症的潜力，特别关注抗氧化、抗炎和与呼吸相关的作用，如镇咳或解痉特性。相应的文献检索揭示了大量关于六种DCQA异构体的出版物。基于此检索，重点关注1,3-、3,4-、3,5-和4,5-DCQA，因为出版物主要关注这些异构体。根据现有的临床前数据，DCQAs触发了在呼吸道疾病治疗中重要的细胞机制，如降低NF-κB激活、减少氧化应激或激活Nrf2途径。综上所述，这些数据表明DCQAs在用于治疗呼吸道疾病的草药中起着重要作用，并强调了将DCQAs鉴定为此类提取物中的先导物质的必要性。
