Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2024 Oct 14;10(10):6498-6508. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00961. Epub 2024 Sep 6.
Bladder tissue engineering offers significant potential for repairing defects resulting from congenital and acquired conditions. However, the effectiveness of engineered grafts is often constrained by insufficient vascularization and neural regeneration. This study utilized four primary biomaterials─gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), chitin nanocrystals (ChiNC), titanium carbide (MXene), and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC)─to formulate two types of bioinks, GCM0.2 and GCM0.2-ADSC, in specified proportions. These bioinks were 3D printed onto bladder acellular matrix (BAM) patches to create BAM-GCM0.2 and BAM-GCM0.2-ADSC patches. The BAM-GCM0.2-ADSC patches underwent electrical stimulation to yield GCM0.2-ADSC-ES bladder patches. Employed for the repair of rat bladder defects, these patches were evaluated against a Control group, which underwent partial cystectomy followed by direct suturing. Our findings indicate that the inclusion of ADSC and electrical stimulation significantly enhances the regeneration of rat bladder smooth muscle (from [24.052 ± 2.782] % to [57.380 ± 4.017] %), blood vessels (from [5.326 ± 0.703] % to [12.723 ± 1.440] %), and nerves (from [0.227 ± 0.017] % to [1.369 ± 0.218] %). This research underscores the superior bladder repair capabilities of the GCM0.2-ADSC-ES patch and opens new pathways for bladder defect repair.
膀胱组织工程在修复先天性和获得性条件导致的缺陷方面具有重要的潜力。然而，工程移植物的效果往往受到血管化和神经再生不足的限制。本研究利用四种主要生物材料——明胶甲基丙烯酰（GelMA）、壳聚糖纳米晶体（ChiNC）、碳化钛（MXene）和脂肪源性干细胞（ADSC）——以特定比例配制两种类型的生物墨水，GCM0.2 和 GCM0.2-ADSC。这些生物墨水被 3D 打印到膀胱去细胞基质（BAM）贴片上，以创建 BAM-GCM0.2 和 BAM-GCM0.2-ADSC 贴片。BAM-GCM0.2-ADSC 贴片接受电刺激，以产生 GCM0.2-ADSC-ES 膀胱贴片。这些贴片用于修复大鼠膀胱缺陷，并与接受部分膀胱切除术和直接缝合的对照组进行比较。我们的研究结果表明，包含 ADSC 和电刺激可显著增强大鼠膀胱平滑肌的再生（从[24.052 ± 2.782]%增加到[57.380 ± 4.017]%）、血管（从[5.326 ± 0.703]%增加到[12.723 ± 1.440]%）和神经（从[0.227 ± 0.017]%增加到[1.369 ± 0.218]%）。这项研究强调了 GCM0.2-ADSC-ES 贴片在修复膀胱缺陷方面的卓越能力，并为膀胱缺陷修复开辟了新途径。
