评估 HPV 疫苗在有和无口腔疾病患者中的流行情况及潜在影响：一项十年回顾性研究。

Evaluation of the Prevalence and Potential Impact of HPV Vaccines in Patients with and Without Oral Diseases: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study.

机构信息

Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine, Medical Specialties G. D'Alessandro, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Department of Precision Medicine in Medical, Surgical and Critical Care, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.

Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry - Audiology Section, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.

出版信息

Arch Med Res. 2024 Nov;55(7):103059. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103059. Epub 2024 Sep 5.

DOI:10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103059

PMID:39241660

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) in the healthy population and patients with oral diseases such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), and oral benign lesions (BL), is not consistently described in the literature, with scarce and often heterogeneous data. In addition, the efficacy of HPV prophylactic vaccines in preventing HPV-related oral disorders has been scarcely investigated.

METHODS

The prevalence of HPV and the potential impact of vaccines were analyzed in 1,415 oral rinse specimens, collected over 10 years and grouped into four categories based on histological/clinical diagnosis.

RESULTS

HPV prevalence in OSCC, OPMD, and BL patients and in healthy individuals potentially exposed to HPV (HPE) was comparable (12.7 vs. 27.2% vs. 13.5 vs. 9%). Statistical analysis of the vaccine impact involved calculating high and low estimates and showed a significant difference only for the low effect. The nonavalent vaccine had higher low estimates than the bivalent vaccine in OSCC and HPE patients (29.6 vs. 51.9%, p <0.05; 18.2 vs. 42.4%, p <0.05), while for OPMD and BL, the frequency of bivalent low estimates was lower than that of quadrivalent and nonavalent (48.6 vs. 68.6%, p <0.05 and 48.6 vs. 77.1%, p <0.05; 23.9 vs. 50.7%, p <0.05, and 23.9 vs. 63.4%, p <0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

This study provided new insights into the prevalence of oral HPV and showed that the nonavalent vaccine may provide better protection than the other vaccines in the presence of an OSCC diagnosis. Conversely, the quadrivalent vaccine may be sufficient to prevent OPMD and BL.

摘要

背景

口腔人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）在健康人群和口腔疾病患者（如口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）、口腔潜在恶性疾病（OPMD）和口腔良性病变（BL））中的流行情况在文献中并未得到一致描述，相关数据稀缺且常常存在异质性。此外，HPV 预防性疫苗在预防 HPV 相关口腔疾病方面的效果也鲜有研究。

方法

分析了 1415 份漱口液标本中的 HPV 流行情况及其疫苗的潜在影响，这些标本采集于 10 年间，根据组织学/临床诊断分为四组。

结果

OSCC、OPMD 和 BL 患者以及可能接触 HPV 的健康个体（HPE）中的 HPV 流行率相当（12.7%比 27.2%比 13.5%比 9%）。对疫苗影响的统计分析涉及计算高估计值和低估计值，仅在低效应方面显示出显著差异。九价疫苗在 OSCC 和 HPE 患者中的低估计值高于二价疫苗（29.6%比 51.9%，p<0.05；18.2%比 42.4%，p<0.05），而对于 OPMD 和 BL，二价疫苗的低估计值频率低于四价和九价疫苗（48.6%比 68.6%，p<0.05 和 48.6%比 77.1%，p<0.05；48.6%比 50.7%，p<0.05 和 48.6%比 63.4%，p<0.05）。