School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
Chemosphere. 2024 Sep;364:143281. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143281. Epub 2024 Sep 5.
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are emerging pollutants, while data on their occurrence in foods and human dietary intake are limited. Based on the 6th China total diet study conducted in 2016-2019, this study implemented a comprehensive survey of OPEs in plant-derived foods of cereals, potatoes, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and further assessed dietary exposure from both plant- and animal-derived food. The sum concentrations of 15 OPEs in the plant-derived samples ranged from 0.567 to 106 ng/g ww. 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) (median: 1.14 ng/g ww) had the highest level in plant-derived foods, with a proportion of 35.6% in the total median OPEs. Regional distribution analysis showed a higher contamination of OPEs in plant-derived food from northern area of China. Estimated dietary intakes (EDIs) of ∑OPEs for Chinese population were from 109 ng/kg bw/day in Beijing to 1164 ng/kg bw/day in Gansu province, with mean and median of 296 and 222 ng/kg bw/day, respectively. Although animal-derived foods had higher levels of OPEs, plant-derived foods, specifically cereals, was the major source of dietary OPE intake. The EDIs were much lower than reference doses, which suggested the intakes of OPEs via food consumption could not cause significant health risks to the Chinese population at present.
有机磷酸酯（OPEs）是新兴污染物，但其在食品中的存在及人体膳食摄入量的数据有限。本研究基于 2016-2019 年开展的中国第六次总膳食研究，对谷物、土豆、豆类、水果、蔬菜等植物性食品中的 OPEs 进行了全面调查，并进一步评估了植物性和动物性食品的膳食暴露。15 种 OPEs 在植物性食品中的总浓度范围为 0.567-106ng/g ww。2-乙基己基二苯基磷酸酯（EHDPP）（中位数：1.14ng/g ww）在植物性食品中的含量最高，占总 OPEs 中位数的 35.6%。区域分布分析表明，中国北方地区植物性食品中 OPEs 的污染更为严重。中国人群的 OPEs 总估计膳食摄入量（EDI）从北京的 109ng/kg bw/天到甘肃的 1164ng/kg bw/天不等，平均值和中位数分别为 296ng/kg bw/天和 222ng/kg bw/天。尽管动物性食品中 OPEs 含量较高，但植物性食品，特别是谷物，是膳食 OPE 摄入量的主要来源。EDIs 远低于参考剂量，这表明目前通过食物摄入 OPEs 不会对中国人群造成显著的健康风险。
