Skaf R A, Macdonald G J, Shelden R M, Moyle W R
Endocrinology. 1985 Jul;117(1):106-13. doi: 10.1210/endo-117-1-106.
We measured the ability of serum from women to stimulate steroidogenesis in cultured granulosa cells. Serum promoted estradiol and progesterone synthesis in proportion to its FHS content measured by RIA [i.e. serum from postmenopausal women (PM) greater than serum from the midcycle at the time of the gonadotropin surge (MC) greater than serum from the first day of the menstrual cycle (D1) greater than serum from a hypophysectomized woman (AP)]. The FSH activity of these sera was reduced but not eliminated when we included excess antisera to ovine or human FSH in the culture medium (i.e. PM greater than MC greater than D1 greater than AP). These antisera completely neutralized the actions of ovine FSH, human FSH, and menopausal gonadotropin (Pergonal) added to serum. In contrast to the stimulation seen with 5% or lower concentrations of serum in the culture medium, we observed that 10-20% serum inhibited FSH-induced androgen aromatization and progesterone accumulation. The degree of stimulation or inhibition of steroidogenesis depended on the number of granulosa cells added to each culture. High initial cell concentrations inhibited the ability of the cells to respond to either serum or PMSG. In addition to factors which stimulate or inhibit FSH-induced steroidogenesis, human serum contains factors distinct from FSH which cause the cells to flatten and adhere more tightly to the culture dishes. Although progesterone synthesis was increased in cells which had flattened on the surface of the culture dishes, this phenomenon was not a prerequisite for serum-induced steroidogenesis. We conclude that serum contains factors immunologically distinct from FSH, possibly of pituitary origin, which induce granulosa cell steroidogenesis. In addition, serum contains inhibitory substances which block hormone-induced steroidogenesis and which tend to obscure the stimulatory effects of FSH. Detection of both factors depends in part on the number of granulosa cells used to innoculate the cell cultures.
我们测定了女性血清刺激培养的颗粒细胞中类固醇生成的能力。血清促进雌二醇和孕酮的合成，其比例与通过放射免疫分析测定的促卵泡激素（FSH）含量相关[即绝经后女性（PM）的血清大于促性腺激素高峰时（MC）月经周期中期的血清大于月经周期第一天（D1）的血清大于垂体切除女性（AP）的血清]。当我们在培养基中加入过量的抗羊或抗人FSH抗血清时，这些血清的FSH活性降低但未消除（即PM大于MC大于D1大于AP）。这些抗血清完全中和了添加到血清中的羊FSH、人FSH和绝经期促性腺激素（ Pergonal）的作用。与培养基中5%或更低浓度血清所产生的刺激作用相反，我们观察到10 - 20%的血清会抑制FSH诱导的雄激素芳香化和孕酮积累。类固醇生成的刺激或抑制程度取决于添加到每个培养物中的颗粒细胞数量。高初始细胞浓度会抑制细胞对血清或孕马血清促性腺激素（PMSG）的反应能力。除了刺激或抑制FSH诱导的类固醇生成的因子外，人血清还含有不同于FSH的因子，这些因子会使细胞变平并更紧密地附着在培养皿上。虽然在培养皿表面变平的细胞中孕酮合成增加，但这种现象并非血清诱导类固醇生成的先决条件。我们得出结论，血清中含有在免疫学上不同于FSH的因子，可能起源于垂体，可诱导颗粒细胞类固醇生成。此外，血清中含有抑制物质，可阻断激素诱导的类固醇生成，并往往掩盖FSH的刺激作用。这两种因子的检测部分取决于用于接种细胞培养物的颗粒细胞数量。
