Sangster Elizabeth, Lanka Nidhi, Acharya Prakash, Virani Shikha, Afreen Sumayya, Perthiani Arvin, Nassar Sondos T
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
School of Medicine, St. George's University, St. George's, GRD.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 8;16(8):e66432. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66432. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and is distinguished by neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. It has four categories based on clinical course, with relapsing-remitting being the most common type. MS predominantly manifests with motor and sensory dysfunctions. However, neuropsychiatric manifestations such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder are not uncommon. Various factors may contribute to the development of these manifestations; therefore, this study aimed to unravel them. This systematic review implemented the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Five databases (PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) were used to acquire articles published in the past five years. After screening and quality appraisal were completed, eight articles were deemed eligible for inclusion in this study. The study designs included cohort, cross-sectional, randomized-controlled trial (RCT), case report, case-control, and narrative review. The development of neuropsychiatric manifestations in persons with MS is influenced by various factors. These were categorized into morphological changes of the brain, immunological mechanisms, socioeconomic factors, and individual factors for discussion. Each factor was found to intermingle with the others, requiring further research to understand the features that each factor contributes. This is crucial for improving the quality of life (QOL) and prognosis for persons living with MS.
多发性硬化症（MS）是影响中枢神经系统（CNS）的最常见慢性脱髓鞘疾病，其特征为神经炎症和神经退行性变。根据临床病程可分为四类，复发缓解型是最常见的类型。MS主要表现为运动和感觉功能障碍。然而，抑郁、焦虑、精神分裂症和双相情感障碍等神经精神表现并不少见。多种因素可能导致这些表现的发生；因此，本研究旨在揭示这些因素。本系统评价遵循了系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）2020指南。使用五个数据库（PubMed、PubMed Central（PMC）、ScienceDirect、Cochrane图书馆和谷歌学术）获取过去五年发表的文章。在完成筛选和质量评估后，八篇文章被认为符合纳入本研究的条件。研究设计包括队列研究、横断面研究、随机对照试验（RCT）、病例报告、病例对照研究和叙述性综述。MS患者神经精神表现的发生受多种因素影响。这些因素分为脑形态学改变、免疫机制、社会经济因素和个体因素进行讨论。发现每个因素都相互交织，需要进一步研究以了解每个因素所起的作用。这对于提高MS患者的生活质量（QOL）和预后至关重要。
